The invention discloses a statistical iteration
reconstruction method of a sparse-angle X-
ray CT image. The method comprises the steps of obtaining the
system parameters of a CT device and the projection data yraw of sparse-angle low-
dose X-
ray CT scanning, and performing
data restoration based on mid-value prior constraints on the projection data yraw to obtain restored projection data yrestored; performing self-
adaptive weighting on the projection data yraw and the restrored projection data yrestored to obtain weighted projection data yweight; performing image reconstruction on the weighted projection data yweight through a statistical iteration
reconstruction method to obtain a reconstructed low-
dose CT image. According to the statistical iteration
reconstruction method of the sparse-angle X-
ray CT image, by means of the
data restoration based on the mid-value prior constraints and the self-
adaptive weighting, the collected sparse low-
dose CT projection data can be effectively
noise-reduced, and finally high-quality reconstruction of the sparse low-dose CT image can be achieved; the reconstructed CT image can effectively eliminate plaque effects caused by
noise in the reconstructed image, and the quality of the CT image can be improved significantly.