A load identification method based on numerical operation and an improved regularization algorithm comprises the following steps: step 1, establishing a discrete finite element model of a system, andutilizing an explicit Wilson-theta based load identification method to obtain a load identification model of the structure system through a load identification algorithm; 2, applying a dynamic load tothe structure, and measuring the response of the dynamic load; Step 3, constructing a load identification regularization model; Step 4, determining regularization parameters of the load identification model by using an L curve method, and substituting the regularization parameters into the load identification model to carry out calculation of load identification; 5, calculating is finished, and outputting a load identification result. The method is simple and convenient to operate in practical application, only the parameter data of the structure needs to be known, a corresponding load identification regularization model is established, and an unknown dynamic load can be identified by utilizing a response signal obtained through measurement; In addition, a traditional Tikhonov regularization method is improved, and the dynamic load identification precision of the improved regularization method is higher.