An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for cross-calibration of a
satellite payload low-light channel using full Earth shadow
moonlight illumination, comprising: selecting
observation data of a
satellite low-light instrument to be calibrated and a reference instrument under stable target illumination in a full Earth shadow, wherein the
satellite low-light instrument to be calibrated and the reference instrument are imaging radiometers; removing low-
quality data from the
observation data of the satellite low-light instrument to be calibrated and the reference instrument under full Earth shadow
moonlight illumination; selecting, from the
observation data after removing the low-
quality data, matching data pairs under a cross-time matching condition in which observations of the satellite low-light instrument to be calibrated and the reference instrument are allowed under multiple
lunar phase conditions; calculating lunar
radiation based on a
lunar phase model, performing spectral and angular correction on data of the reference instrument in the matching data pairs, and calculating a reference
radiance of the instrument to be calibrated as a stable target in a full Earth shadow; fitting the observation data of the satellite low-light instrument to be calibrated in a full Earth shadow under multiple
lunar phase conditions in the matching data pairs with the calculated reference
radiance to obtain a cross-
calibration coefficient, thereby completing the
radiation calibration of the satellite low-light instrument. The embodiments of the present invention can effectively reduce the influence of solar
stray light on calibration and significantly improve the on-
orbit radiation calibration accuracy of low-light-level
remote sensors.