The invention discloses a short-term traffic forecasting method based on a multi-task multi-view learning model. The method comprises the following steps: 1, constructing a space-time data model individually for each road segment; 2, constructing a multi-core learning model; 3, constructing an objective function by adopting a multi-task multi-view feature learning model; 4, introducing a particleswarm optimization algorithm to optimize the objective function obtained in the step 3; and 5, repeating the steps 1 and 2 for any road segment to obtain input features, bringing the input features into an optimized objective function, and realizing short-term traffic prediction for any road segment. The method realizes the efficient prediction of short-term traffic, solves the problem that the spatial-temporal heterogeneity and the global prediction ability of the model can not reach equilibrium, solves the problem of parameter optimization of the model, and can be widely used in urban planning, human mobility survey, automobile navigation, emergency response, space-time accessibility analysis and traffic pollution modeling.