The invention discloses a printed matter quality test device. The test device is arranged at a position corresponding to a chain of a bi-color ink recorder for forming a test point for the quality of printed matter, the test device comprises a camera assembly, a perspective camera, a light source and an air-drafting and flattening device, the chain is composed of a first arc segment, a second arc segment, a third arc segment, a first straight-line segment, a second straight-line segment and a third straight-line segment, the test point is arranged at a climbing position corresponding to the second straight-line segment of the chain, the camera assembly and the air-drafting and flattening device are arranged at the two sides of the chain corresponding to the test point respectively, the light source and the camera assembly are arranged at the same side, and the perspective camera and the air-drafting and flattening device are arranged at the same side. According to the printed matter quality test device, the test point is arranged at the position corresponding to the chain of the bi-color ink recorder, the imaging problem that in an existing bi-color ink recorder, a test device cannot be arranged at the position of an impression cylinder but is arranged on a collection portion is effectively solved, imaging stability is greatly improved, and the false alarm rate is lowered.