67results about How to "Diffusion rate is fast" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for growing a single-layer graphene thin film by virtue of low-temperature chemical vapor deposition, and belongs to the technical field of two-dimensional thin film material preparation. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing an alloy substrate; (2) performing leveling treatment on the alloy substrate; (3) performing annealing treatment on the alloy substrate under a protective atmosphere; and (4) depositing graphene by using a chemical vapor deposition process, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the alloy substrate with a grown single-layer graphene thin film, wherein conditions of the chemical vapor deposition process are as follows: the temperature is 200-800 DEG C, the time is 5-180min, and a carbon source is a gas phase carbon source, a liquid phase carbon source or a solid phase carbon source. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the method is simple, convenient and fast, also is low in cost, and ensures that uniform and single-layer high-quality graphene can be prepared at relatively low temperature; and the method has universality, is simple and mild in condition, uniform in product distribution and good in repeatability, is suitable for industrial production, and is particularly suitable for controllable preparation of single-layer or few-layer graphene.

The invention discloses a modified polyamide-6 microcellular foam material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the modified polyamide-6 microcellular foam material includes the steps of (1), premixing polyamide-6, a chain extender and an antioxidant so as to obtain a premixed material; (2), subjecting the premixed material to melt blending, extrusion pelletization and drying so as to obtain a modified base material; (3), placing the modified base material in supercritical CO2 to be subjected to swelling and osmosis at a T1 temperature, decreasing the temperature to a foaming temperature T2, holding, relieving pressure to normal pressure and cooling so as to obtain the modified polyamide-6 microcellular foam material, wherein T1 ranges from 230 DEG C to 250 DEG C, and T2 ranges from 205 DEG C to 225 DEG C. The prepared modified polyamide-6 microcellular foam material is small in aperture size and large in cell density, the expanded volume of the modified polyamide-6 microcellular foam material is 3.0-20 times of the volume of raw materials, the melt strength of the modified base material is high, and accordingly the modified polyamide-6 microcellular foam material has promising application prospect in the field of automobile materials.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a nickel-rich cobalt-free single crystal positive electrode material of a lithium ion battery, and belongs to the field of positive electrode materials of lithium ion batteries. The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing a nickel-rich cobalt-free hydroxide precursor through coprecipitation; uniformly mixing the precursor, molten salt and lithium salt according to a certain stoichiometric ratio, then calcining at high temperature, washing the obtained mixture with deionized water for multiple times, and drying to obtain lithium-deficient single-crystal-morphology spinel-like nickel-rich primary particles; and then supplementing a certain amount of lithium salt into the primary particles, uniformly mixing, and sintering at high temperature to obtain the single-crystal nickel-rich cobalt-free layered positive electrode material. The method is suitable for preparing the single crystal nickel-rich positive electrode material, lithium is added in the first step, the molar ratio Li/(Ni + Mg + Fe + Ti) of the lithium element to the sum of nickel, magnesium, iron and titanium is 0.8-1.0, micron-sized lithium-deficient spinel type nickel-rich single crystal particles are formed after sintering, the micron-sized large-size nickel-rich layered single crystal positive electrode material can be formed in the low-temperature range of 650-800 DEG C after water washing and lithium supplementation, the tap density is high, the lithium-nickel mixed arrangement is low, and the layered structure is good, so that the specific capacity is higher, and the cycle performance is good.

The invention discloses a crystal boundary diffusion method for improving the coercive force and the thermal stability of a neodymium-iron-boron magnet, and belongs to the field of rare earth permanent magnet materials. According to the method, a quaternary alloy Dy-Ni-Al-Cu with a low melting point is used as a diffusion source and melted and prepared into a rapid-hardening strip, after coarse breaking, the strip casting is laid around the neodymium-iron-boron magnet, and by the adoption of a heat treatment method, the rapid-hardening strip diffuses and enters the magnet along the crystal boundary. After the processing, the coercive force of the magnet is significantly improved, and the magnetic energy product is improved to a certain extent; meanwhile, since the temperature of the diffusion treatment is low, energy consumption can be reduced, the cost can be lowered, and Nd2Fe14B crystal grains can be prevented from growing up; compared with a coating and magnetron sputtering method, the crystal boundary diffusion method omits a powder preparing and coating process in a coating technology and a thin film preparing process in a magnetron sputtering technology. After the technology processing of the crystal boundary diffusion method, the neodymium-iron-boron magnet with the high coercive force and the high thermal stability is finally obtained.

The invention discloses a solvent phase Fischer-Tropsch synthesis method. The method is characterized in that a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction is carried out in a heterogeneous reaction system; a polar solvent is taken as the reaction medium; a traditional granular Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst is suspended or soaked in the polar solvent phase to carry out the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction; and as the generated hydrocarbon products are insoluble in the polar solvent, the phases are voluntarily split. The method can be used for producing linear alpha-olefins (LAOs) with various carbon numbers. By applying the method, the reaction products can rapidly leave the inner and outer surfaces of the catalyst to reduce the probability of readsorption and secondary reaction, thus improving the yield of the LAOs. The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction can be carried out in the conventional Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor by using the common catalyst. By applying the method, the mass content of the LAOs in the reaction products is more than 70%, thus being very beneficial to separation and purification. Meanwhile, by applying the method, the CO conversion rate can be improved, the methane selectivity can be reduced and the yield of heavy hydrocarbons can be greatly increased.

The invention provides a preparation method and application of a heavy metal adsorber. The preparation method includes preparing gel from agar and acrylic acid through a one-step sol-gel method, and preparing double-network gel with super-strong mechanical performance and excellent removal effect on heavy metal from the gel with epichlorohydrin as a cross-linking agent and triethylene tetramine as a crosslinker through amino functional modification. Of a three-dimensional network porous structure, the double-network gel has high osmotic pressure and is capable of adsorbing heavy metal ions in a solution rapidly; all adsorption sites in the network structure can be exposed sufficiently, and accordingly the double-network gel is high in adsorption capacity; through two network interpenetration structures and the effect of negative and positive ions on static electricity, the mechanical performance of the gel is enhanced greatly, and the gel can be separated from the adsorbed solution directly to achieve rapid and effective recovery of the adsorber. The preparation method is simple in preparation, free from restrictions of extreme experiment conditions and capable of treating wastewater containing Cd (II) or other heavy metals.

The invention discloses a method for producing hydrogen peroxide by electrocatalytic reduction of oxygen, wherein the method comprises the following steps: (1) an electrocatalytic thin film with a single-layer thickness is prepared, wherein the electrocatalytic thin film is composed of a first organic bridging ligand and a metal organic single layer formed by metal clusters connected with the first organic bridging ligand, or composed of a second organic bridging ligand containing hydroxyl groups and a metal organic single layer composed of first metal ions connected with the second organic bridging ligand; and (2) oxygen is catalyzed to be reduced into hydrogen peroxide by the electrocatalytic thin film. The ultra-thin two-dimensional metal organic single-layer material electrocatalytic thin film is synthesized by the chemical method, has the characteristics of large specific surface area, fast diffusion rate and the like, thereby facilitating the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction process; hydrogen peroxide can be produced with high efficiency and high selectivity, and hydrogen peroxide with the highest selectivity of 80% can be produced in the process of oxygen reduction.

The invention discloses an efficient photo-catalytic reactor which comprises an upper cover plate and a base. The upper cover plate is arranged on the base, the efficient photo-catalytic reactor is characterized in that a first rectangular concave plane is formed in the upper end surface of the base, conducting glass is placed in the first rectangular concave plane, and a photocatalyst is arranged on the upper surface of the conducting glass; the photocatalyst is a nanorod array thin film photocatalyst; a second rectangular concave plane is formed in the lower end surface of the upper cover plate and corresponds to the first rectangular concave plane in position; an inverted micro boss array is arranged in the second rectangular concave plane; the upper cover plate is provided with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, and the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet communicate with the second rectangular concave plane through micro fluid input channels and micro fluid output channels correspondingly; and the micro fluid input channels and the micro fluid output channels are formed in the upper cover plate. The efficient photo-catalytic reactor provided by the invention is simple in structure, easy to mount, low in cost, high in reaction efficiency and capable of being widely applied to the fields of energy, environment protection and the like.

The invention provides a lithium ion battery using nano ferric phosphate hollow sphere as anode material. The lithium ion battery comprises a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, an electrolyte and a membrane. The battery is characterized in that the positive active material of the positive electrode plate is nanoscale hollow-sphere-shaped ferric phosphate with an average particle diameter of about 150-280nm. The nano ferric phosphate hollow sphere is synthesized by low temperature hydrothermal method. According to the invention, the lithium ion battery uses the nano ferric phosphate hollow sphere as positive active material, wherein the positive active material ferric phosphate with a nonscale hollow-sphere-shaped structure has low density and good dispersity, and the diffusion and transmission rate of Li <+> and electrons is high in the positive active material. The lithium ion battery prepared on the basis of the positive active material has the characteristics of good discharging performance, high cyclical stability and large specific capacity. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the lithium ion battery.

The invention discloses a PP/POE supercritical foaming composite material and a preparation method thereof. The material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 140 to 165 parts of polypropylene, 35 to 42 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 10 to 14 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, 10 to 14 parts of a maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene modifier, 2 to 3 partsof a nucleating agent, 8 to 12 parts of mesoporous silica, 1.5 to 2 parts of a dispersing agent and 0.8 to 1.2 parts of a cross-linking agent. According to the PP/POE supercritical foaming compositematerial disclosed by the invention, the raw material composition is carefully selected, and the content of each raw material is optimized, so that the respective advantages are brought into full play, mutual complementation and mutual promotion are realized, the product quality is improved, and the prepared PP/POE supercritical foaming composite material is high in tensile strength and good in mechanical property; the compression set rate is low, and good elasticity is achieved; the foaming ratio is high, foam holes are uniform, the size is moderate and compact, the foam hole structure is complete, the sealing performance is good, and the foaming effect is good.

The invention relates to a ZSM-35 molecular sieve and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises: carrying out mixing gelling on a silicon source, an aluminum source, an alkali, water, an organic template agent I and an organic template agent II, carrying out hydrothermal crystallization, filtering, washing, drying, and roasting to obtain a ZSM-35 molecular sieve, wherein the ZSM-35 molecular sieve has a sheet-like structure along the c-axis direction. According to the present invention, through the synergistic action of the organic template agent I and the organic template agent II, the prepared nano-sheet-like ZSM-35 molecular sieve has characteristics of small particle size and high specific surface area, wherein the diffusion rate is obviously improved through the small particle size, such that the reactant molecules and the product molecules can rapidly enter and exit the molecular sieve pore channels so as to reduce the occurrence probability of carbon deposition, the gapbetween the molecular sieves is large, and the thickness and the particle size are small so as to prolong the regeneration cycle of the catalyst and improve the selectivity of the product.

The invention discloses a TPU/EVA supercritical foam composite material and a preparation method thereof. The TPU/EVA supercritical foam composite material is prepared from, by weight, 300-360 parts of a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, 66-73 parts of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 25-33 parts of a maleic anhydride grafting modifier, 9-14 parts of peroxide and 1.2-1.6 parts of a nucleating agent. The TPU/EVA supercritical foam composite material has the advantages of good foaming effect, high foaming efficiency, uniform, small and dense cells, excellent mechanical properties and useproperties such as light weight and high strength, high tensile strength, large elongation at break, good mechanical properties, high tear strength, good tear resistance and low density.

The invention designs a preparation method of a single crystal type high-nickel ternary layered positive electrode material LiNixCoyM1-x-yO2 (x is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.95, y is more than or equal to 0.025 and less than or equal to 0.2, and M is one or two of Mn and Al). Monocrystalline lithium cobalt oxide is prepared through a molten salt method, then nickel, manganese (aluminum) and a certain amount of lithium source are supplemented, and ternary monocrystalline particles are obtained. The method has the advantages that (1) a new thought is provided and can be suitable for preparing the high-nickel monocrystalline ternary material, and the problems that the thermal stability of the high-nickel material becomes poor and cation mixed arrangement is intensified due to the too high sintering temperature are solved; and (2) the LiCoO2 and the LiNixCoyM1-x-yO2 are both of a layered structure, a LiCoO2 single crystal matrix is very easy to prepare through amolten salt method, and the single crystal LiNixCoyM1-x-yO2 positive electrode material is obtained through mutual diffusion of other supplementary elements in a solid phase under proper external conditions.

The invention discloses a silicon-aluminum-phosphate molecular sieve and a synthesis method thereof. The molecular sieve comprises elements of phosphorus, silicon, aluminum and oxygen and has the microtopography of a pyramid. The synthesis method comprises steps of mixing a silicon source, a phosphorus source, an aluminum source, water and a template agent, stirring, crystallization, washing, drying, roasting and the like. Due to the microtopography of the pyramid, molecules can be diffused within a relatively short distance inside molecular sieve channels at a relatively rapid diffusion velocity, pores in the surface of the molecular sieve are difficult to block, the selectivity of the molecular sieve is improved by 5%, and the service life of the catalyst is prolonged by one time.

The invention discloses a manufacturing method for CMOS device with different distant width of the sidewall, which comprises: providing a semiconductor underlay, forming the first grid structure and the second grid structure on the said underlay; depositing the material layer of the sidewall distant side on the underlay with the first and second grid structures; etching to cover the material layer of the sidewall distant side of the first grid structure and protect to cover the material layer of the sidewall distant side of the second grid structure by mask; etching the said material layer to form sidewall distant side on both sides of the first grid structure and the second grid structure; making process of ion implanted impurity to form source electrode region and drain electrode region. With the method provided in the invention, the length of the sidewall distance side formed on both sides of the grids of the PMOS transistor is longer than that of the NMOS transistor, which improves the property of deep sub-micron CMOS device.

The invention discloses a PA/TPU supercritical foamed composite material and a preparation method thereof. The PA/TPU supercritical foamed composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200-240 parts of polyamide, 160-180 parts of organic silicon modified polyurethane, 70-77 parts of a maleic anhydride grafted modifier, 45-52 parts of maleic anhydride grafted high-density polyethylene, 22-26 parts of glass fiber, 15-18 parts of a cross-linking agent and 5-7 parts of a nucleating agent. The PA/TPU supercritical foamed composite material is good in foaming effect and moderate and uniform in pore size, and good appearance performance, mechanical performance and the like are guaranteed; the tensile strength is high, the tearing strength is high, and the tearing resistance is good; the material has the advantages of low density, light weight, high strength and the like, and has excellent mechanical properties and usability.

The invention discloses a nylon/polyurethane supercritical foamed composite material and a preparation method thereof. The nylon/polyurethane supercritical foamed composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300-350 parts of polyamide, 60-72 parts of polyurethane, 40-48 parts of a polyamide-polysiloxane segmented copolymer, 6-8 parts of graphene fiber, 5-7 parts of a cross-linking agent and 3-4 parts of a nucleating agent. The nylon/polyurethane supercritical foamed composite material disclosed by the invention is good in foaming effect and high in foaming efficiency; the foam holes are uniform, small and compact; the advantages of high resilience rate, low water absorption rate, good dimensional stability, small irreversible deformation after being pressed, high tensile strength, good mechanical properties, light weight, high strength and the like excellent mechanical properties and use properties are achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, in particular to a method of using kelp residue to prepare organic fertilizer. Kelp residue, chicken manure and wheat bran are used as raw materials; the kelp residue and the wheat bran are first subjected to primary defibrillation; pretreated base is formed by explosion; soybean is used as a raw material to obtain urease-containing supernate; the supernate and the pretreated base are blended, and the blend is subjected to composting to obtain the organic fertilizer. Alginate fibers in the kelp residue can relieve osmoticstress caused by salt and drought; proteins are degraded by microbes to generate amino acid such that hydrophilicity of the organic fertilizer is enhanced; produced ammonia may be absorbed and securedby water in compost; urease in soybean extract may enzymatically decompose the nitrogen-containing base, an ammonium salt is produced by reaction, nitric acid molecules can promote hemicellulose andcellulose subjected to ammonia swelling to further hydrolyze into monosaccharides, so that degradation of kelp fibers is promoted; reduced ammonia loss also helps decrease fouling odor occurred in thecomposting process. The method has a good application prospect.

The invention discloses a liquid oxygen preparation system and a preparation method thereof. The preparation system comprises a bottom plate, a mounting seat is fixedly arranged on one side of the upper end of the bottom plate, an air blower is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the mounting seat, an air inlet pipe is fixedly arranged on one side of the surface of the air blower, and a filtering mechanism is arranged on the surface of the outer side of the air inlet pipe; and the filtering mechanism comprises a filter element, a fixing ring, a connecting ring, a sealing groove and a sealing ring, the upper end of the outer side surface of the air inlet pipe is sleeved with the filter element, the fixing ring is fixedly arranged at the position, at the lower end of the filter element, of the outer side surface of the air inlet pipe, the connecting ring is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the lower end of the filter element, and the sealing groove is formed in the periphery of the upper end surface of the fixing ring. The system is good in use effect, air can be conveniently pretreated through a pre-purification mechanism, so that nitrogen and oxygen can be separated, a part of nitrogen with the highest content is removed, and subsequent extrusion and cooling of oxygen can be facilitated to prepare liquid oxygen.