The invention discloses a distribution cabinet convenient for heat dissipation and dust removal, including pillars, a distribution cabinet body, a baffle, a bearing, an electromagnetic lock, a cabinetdoor, a gasket, a first linear motor, a fixing rod, a first slider, a top plate, a first vent, a first drive motor, a first screen, a slide slot, a fan blade, a mounting rod, a second screen, a second vent, a lead screw, a second slider, a second linear motor, a second drive motor, a brush, a fixing plate, a dust box, a base, a fixing block, a three-phase asynchronous motor, a winding wheel, a spring, a bracing wire and a magnet block. The first linear motor is arranged, so that the fan blade at one end of the output shaft of the first drive motor rotates and moves laterally, the first ventilation outlet and the second ventilation outlet are matched, air convection is facilitated and the heat is discharged with the air in time, the temperature in the cabinet is effectively reduced, and the brush is driven to move transversely by a second driving motor and a lead screw, so that the dust is quickly accumulated on the surface of the baffle plate and discharged, and is worth popularizing.