The invention provide a light-weight high-strength foamed ceramic board material, which is characterized by being prepared from the following components, by weight part: 50-60 parts of coal ash, 10-20 parts of bentonite, 10-20 parts of dolomite, 6-12 parts of potassium and sodium feldspar, 8-15 parts of magnesite slag, 5-10 parts of waste glass, 1-2 parts of an anionic surfactant, 0.5-1.5 parts of a silicon resin polyether emulsion, 0.1-0.5 part of a foaming agent, 0.1-0.5 part of a dispersant, and 200-250 parts of water. Cost of raw materials is reduced, and resources are saved. The light-weight high-strength foamed ceramic board material has characteristics of environmental protection, fire prevention, sound absorption, heat insulation, moisture resistance, seepage resistance, freezing resistance, and flame retardation, and conforms to a modern construction energy-saving standard, so that the material can be used as a wall insulation material, a sound-insulation noise-reduction material, or a heat-insulation thermal-insulation material in other fields.