The invention provides a parking reservation system and method based on parking space self-control. The parking reservation system comprises a cloud data engine unit, a cloud operation and maintenance management unit, a front-end parking space self-control unit, a front-end user service unit, a transaction settlement unit and a data exchange unit, wherein the cloud data engine unit is used for processing and storing parking space information through a real-time big data processing engine, the cloud operation and maintenance management unit is used for achieving parking operation and maintenance management, the front-end parking space self-control unit is used for achieving vehicle localization, entry and exit detection and automatic entry and exit management, the front-end user service unit is used by a user for inquiring a parking lot and/or a parking space and making a parking reservation application and is also used for achieving route navigation, indoor localization and parking space navigation, and the transaction settlement unit is used for generating a parking order and making payment and settlement. The parking reservation system and method have the advantages that the one-stop scheme of parking reservation, parking space navigation, parking space self-control and online payment is realized, the parking experience of the user is greatly improved, operation and maintenance management of all parking lots and parking spaces is achieved, the number of charge management personnel is reduced, and the management and operation cost is reduced.