The invention belongs to the field of medical auxiliary devices, and discloses a system and a method for air monitoring during transfusion based on a single-chip microcomputer. The system comprises anair detection module, a signal amplifying module, an A/D conversion module, a feedback module, an identification module, a single-chip microcomputer module, a filter circuit module, a state assessment module, a display module, an input module, an air monitoring and analyzing module and an alarm module. Air monitoring of a transfusion device of a transfusion patient is performed to prevent bubblesor a large amount of air from entering a transfusion pipeline, so hidden safety hazards are eliminated, and the safety of the patient especially in the pressurized transfusion process is ensured; thepatient's personal information and treatment information, comparative analysis of the treatment process and simulation of the rehabilitation date are analyzed and displayed in real time; and the system and the method are conducive to improving the hospital's information management, enhance the safety in the transfusion process of the patient, and improves the working efficiency of medical staffs.