The invention discloses a high-strength motorbike steel back processing device with a barb structure. The high-strength motorbike steel back processing device with the barb structure comprises a shell, a feeding port, a conveying apparatus, a barb machine, a workbench, a clamping apparatus and an unloading claw; the clamping apparatus comprises a guiding mechanism, a limiting block, a first spring, an adsorption disc and a clamping mechanism; the limiting block is embedded on the workbench in a mode of being capable of moving up and down, and a side, opposite to the guiding mechanism, of the limiting block is an inclined plane; and the adsorption disc is located at a middle point of the workbench. According to the high-strength motorbike steel back processing device with the barb structure, a steel back blank is placed on the conveying apparatus through the feeding port, and then, a position of the steel back blank is automatically corrected on the conveying apparatus; further, the steel back blank is pushed onto the workbench through the guiding mechanism; then, under simultaneous effect of the clamping mechanism and the adsorption disc, the steel back blank is fixed on the workbench, and a steel back is barbed one time through the barb machine; and working efficiency is improved, meanwhile, a clamping effect is improved through the simultaneous effect of the clamping mechanism and the adsorption disc, stability of the steel back is increased further, and quality of barbing is improved.