The present invention provides a dental resin cement composition comprising at least two kinds of pastes, one kind of a paste comprising (a) 20 to 50 parts by weight of a polymerizable monomer composition and (b) 50 to 80 parts by weight of a filler consisting of an inorganic compound, or an organic composite comprising an inorganic compound, amounts of (a) and (b) being based on conversion of 100 parts by weight of the dental resin-based cement composition paste, and the filler (b) comprising (c) 2.0 to 10.0 parts by weight of fine silica particles based on the above conversion, and having (d) a yield viscosity of from 100 to 3,000 [Pa·s], and (e) a thixotropy index of 3.0 or more; and another kind of a paste having the same constituent features (a) to (c) and (e) except that the paste has (d) a yield viscosity of from 70 to 4,000 [Pa·s], wherein upon use, the at least two kinds of pastes are used by mixing them.