The invention provides a stop rod type reciprocating high-rise escape device which comprises a front shell, a rear shell, a first shaft, a second shaft, a large gear, a small gear, a wave gear, a stop rod, a stop shaft, a guide wheel and a reciprocating escape rope. The front shell and the rear shell are arranged on the outermost, the first shaft is arranged in the front shell and the rear shell, the second shaft is vertically arranged above the first shaft, the large gear is fixedly disposed on the first shaft, the small gear is arranged outside the second shaft, the wave gear is arranged outside the small gear, the stop rod is disposed on the second shaft, the stop shaft is fixedly arranged on the stop rod, the guide wheel is disposed below the large gear, and the reciprocating escape rope penetrates through the guide wheel. The stop rod and the stop shaft are fixed together and move horizontally, and the wave gear is meshed with the stop shaft. The stop rod type reciprocating high-rise escape device is simple in assembly structure, and has the advantages of being safe, reliable and stable in descending speed. Besides, full-sealed design is adopted, service life is long, the number of parts is small, the parts can be repeatedly used, and the device is low in production cost, easy to popularize, small in size and convenient to carry.