60 results about "Lake ecosystem" patented technology

A system and method of sustainable aquaponics that vertically integrates unique aquaponic system designs with alternative aquaculture fish feed sources, fingerling production methods, alternative aquaculture/farmed fish grow out models, and green energy sources that yield organic produce in the form of fruits and vegetables. A raceway system serves for grow-out throughout the warm and cold months. During the summer months, fish can be spawned and fed for steady growth, while during the winter months, the fish continue to grow at slower quite acceptable growth rates. The present invention derives its water from an open, natural, established pond or lake ecosystem to ensure that the raceways are adequately seeded with all of nature's good and bad bacteria and algae. The present invention can include winter quarters for the fish that is well-insulated and heated to ensure that the fish are comfortable and will continue growing and spawning throughout winter months.

A precise quantization method for nitrogen cycle of a lake ecosystem includes 1), applying an isotope pairing method to quantitatively research nitrogen migration and conversion of a sediment-water interface of the lake ecosystem; 2), determining release of nitrogen of a water-gas interface by measuring N2O yield by the aid of a closed chamber-gas chromatograph method; 3), measuring biomass of aquatic plants and nitrogen content in bodies of the aquatic plants by the aid of a Dumas method and determining nitrogen absorbed quantity of the aquatic plants; 4), measuring biomass of microorganisms in the ecosystem by the aid of an MPN (most probable number) method, and measuring the effect of the microorganisms in a nitrogen conversion process and conversion quantity of the microorganisms to the nitrogen; and 5), applying the stable isotope technology to measure assimilation of aquatic animals to the nitrogen, and realizing precise quantization of the nitrogen, namely, measuring a food web of the aquatic animals and a trophic-level structure to determine migration and conversion of the nitrogen in the food web. Procedures of the precise quantization method are realized in the same simulation ecosystem.

The invention discloses a health assessment method based on a lake water ecosystem, pertaining to the technical field of environment protection. The method comprises following steps: firstly, investigating and analyzing lake water environment and lake water aquatic organism, and utilizing canonical correspondence to analyze and explore the relations between aquatic organism distribution and environment factors; further determining candidate indictors, determining assessment indictors, determining assessment indictor weight, establishing assumable indictor system, calculating health comprehensive indictors of the lake water ecosystem and assessing the health state of the lake water ecosystem. The health assessment indictor system of the lake water ecosystem is utilized for scientific assessment of the healthy condition of the lake water ecosystem and helps objectively reflect the environment of lake water and the health condition of aquatic communities.

The invention discloses a substrate improving material for a high-organic-matter bottom mud shallow lake and a preparation method thereof, and a repairing method; the substrate improving material is composed of clay, kaolin, environmental-protection ceramic filter balls and calcium peroxide. The preparation method comprises the steps: 1) selecting the clay, kaolin, environmental-protection ceramic filter balls and calcium peroxide as raw materials; 2) placing the environmental-protection ceramic filter balls in dilute hydrochloric acid, soaking, washing with clear water to be neutral, and drying; and 3) mixing evenly the clay, the kaolin, calcium peroxide and the processed ceramic filter balls according to a certain proportion, to prepare the substrate improving material. The repairing method comprises the steps: A) bamboo sticks are arranged in a lake bottom substrate improved region; B) the substrate improving material is sprinkled to the bottom of the lake from the surface of the lake; and C) submerged plants are planted on the substrate improved region, and the submerged plants are managed and maintained. The method is easy to implement and simple to operate, effectively solves the problems that the submerged plants are difficult to fixedly plant and ecological restoration projects are difficult to implement in a soft-surface high-organic-matter bottom mud lake, and accelerates the recovery of a lake ecosystem.

The invention provides a method for restoring submerged plant communities by utilizing a three-dimensional plant net. The method comprises the following steps: taking plants as raw materials, and weaving the three-dimensional plant net; and culturing submerged plants by utilizing the three-dimensional plant net, forming a submerged plant module, and optimizing the planting composition so as to restore the submerged plant communities in a damaged river-lake ecosystem. A submerged plant seed bank serves as a raw material, the propagule has high propagation efficiency under controllable conditions after the seeds germinate and grow to a certain length, the survival rate is higher than that of transplanting of submerged plants, and the field planting ratio of the plants is higher than that of direct dripping of the propagule. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the raw materials are selected from aquatic plants, secondary pollution is avoided, the novel utilization pathway of the aquatic plants can be developed, and the condition that nitrogen and phosphorus loads in a water body are increased due to rot of the aquatic plants can be reduced; due to the three-dimensional plant net, the damage on the submerged plants is reduced by virtue of overall transplanting, the survival rate is improved, and planting of stonewort and other submerged plants which are slender and difficult to transplant can be facilitated; and moreover, the plant net has a certain net diameter, the plant root system can be in contact with bottom mud through meshed holes, and field planting of the plants is not influenced.

The invention discloses a method for constructing an ecological regulation and storage lake for urban rivers, wherein the ecological regulation and storage lake is mainly used for flood regulation andstorage of urban rivers and purification of river course water seriously polluted by resident living and agriculture. According to the main technical scheme, a regulation and storage lake composite water ecosystem is constructed, wherein the constructing method comprises six sub-projects, the six sub-technologies respectively comprises: basement improvement, submerged plant community construction, fish community construction, macrozoobenthos community construction, micro-ecological purification system construction and system optimization adjustment, wherein the submerged plant community as the primary producer is the core part of the water ecosystem; and at the late stage, the optimization adjustment measures are performed by monitoring and observing the system, such that the regulation and storage lake ecosystem is gradually converted into the stable and natural state, and finally the stable regulation and storage lake water ecosystem is formed so as to achieve the state comprising stable and diversified species community, clear water body and good landscape for a long time.

The present invention relates to a method for discriminating steady-state transition of a lake ecosystem based on an Mann-Kendall method. According to the method provided by the present invention, concentration trend changes and mutation point analyses of ecosystem steady-state transition key factors (TN, TP anf Chla) in different periods are comprehensively considered, so as to finally determine lake ecosystem steady-state transition points and stage division. The method is simple and convenient, and the concentration change trends, mutation regions and mutation moments of the steady-state transition factors can be expressed clearly by means of a coordinate graph, so that the method is suitable for discriminating steady-state transition mutations of the lake ecosystem, and provides a reliable basis for lake ecosystem recovery treatment.

The invention discloses an ecological method and an application for controlling quantity of spirogyra biomass in lakes. The ecological method comprises the steps of: breading tilapias in lakes where submerged plants are grown; controlling the quantity of the tilapias to minimize influence of the tilapias on the submerged plants and effectively control spirogyra. The ecological method provided by the invention can prevent chemical toxicity brought by chemical method for controlling spirogyra and reduce manpower and property waste caused by manually catching sponge; and the harvested tilapias can bring a certain economic benefit; furthermore, the ecological method also can effectively control the quantity of pomacea canaliculata. As can be seen, the ecological method and application for controlling the quantity of the spirogyra biomass in lakes can be applied to maintaining the lake ecosystem, and is environment-friendly.

The invention aims at solving the problem of siltation promotion and accumulation of grass-type lake plant and provides grass restraining and siltation controlling technology and method which utilize microorganism in-situ remediation to speed up decomposition of bottom-mud plant residues. White rot fungicide is used for controlling siltation of lake plant and biological decomposition of lake bottom mud is sped up by lignin degradation. The method is used for controlling biofouling of lake aquatic plants by the means of microorganism, thereby having strong operability and wide application. The method avoids secondary pollution and has important effects on ecological restoration of lake ecosystem.

The invention aims at solving the problems of discontinuity and accuracy of carbon cycle monitoring data in grass-type lakes, and provides a technology and a method for improving the data acquisition. Li8100 is an advanced instrument for measuring data at test site and recording the data, but Li8100 can not be used for monitoring carbon flux of lakes by the restraints of conditions; in the invention, Li8100 can be used for monitoring the carbon flux in lakes by an improved static box; compared with the method of using the traditional static box/meteorological chromatography, the method provided by the invention greatly improves the continuity and accuracy of data, and is convenient for the data analysis in later stage. The technology provided by the invention uses the existing resources of China and obtains materials from local sources, so that the technology is simple and feasible, and has relatively strong operability and wide applicability; the implementation of the technology does not influence the original ecological functions of the lake ecosystem; and great significances for maintaining the ecology health of grass-type lakes in a long time are provided.

The invention discloses a method for restoring an existing lake water ecosystem. According to the method, basic condition improvement (water level maintenance, water quality improvement and bottom mud improvement), a filamentous alga (spirogyra) preventing technology, a transitional zone flushing preventing technology system, a water inlet front reservoir treatment system, shallow water zone sinking and floating leaf vegetation planting, deep water zone sinking vegetation planting, food net chain rebuilding, a sediment-water interface biological system, a microbial film reinforcing system, a species diversity habitat system and an ecological water purification system long-acting management are included. Through the method, water pollution loads are effectively lowered, the water self-purification capacity is improved, water is clear and free of heterochrome and peculiar smells, and therefore the water is suitable for being touched by people.

The invention discloses a technique for establishing a relationship among sporopollen, environmental index and lake level by using main component analysis, grey association and regressive mathematical methods based on sporopollen assemblage zones in lake sediments and typical physical and chemical indexes aiming at the problems of shortage and discontinuity of historical hydrological data of a lake. The technique can calculate the lake level of the historical period so as to learn species condition and hydrological condition of a lake ecosystem under low artificial interference and play an important role in maintaining the health of the modern lake ecosystem.

The invention belongs to the technical field of lake water treatment, and discloses a lake water ecological restoration system. Restoration steps implemented by the lake water ecological restoration system include S1, replacing silt; S2, replacing water sources; S3, restoring the water sources; S4, treating ecospheres of lakes. The lake water ecological restoration system has the advantages that the content of organic matters in the silt is regulated for a long time and can be reduced, the water sources are extracted, disinfected and sterilized, and accordingly the visibility of the water sources can be guaranteed; beneficial indigenous microorganisms can be activated, growth and reproduction of the beneficial indigenous microorganisms can be promoted, growth of harmful microorganisms canbe inhibited, accordingly, ecological systems of water bodies can be restored, and sludge in the water bodies can be effectively reduced; environments of the water bodies can be improved, the problemsof lake eutrophication, black-odor and the like can be solved, destruction on the ecospheres during establishment at preliminary stages can be reduced, and excellent protection effects can be realized; the alga-plankton-fish ecospheres of the lakes are set, accordingly, the restoration capacity of ecological systems of the lakes can be effectively improved, and the external destruction resistancecan be improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental engineering, in particular to a device and a method for repairing river and lake bottom sediments. The device for repairing the river andlake bottom sediments comprises a cover, a gas impact device, an aeration device, a gas supply device, corresponding gas pipelines, a sludge pump and a liquid pipeline. The gas supply device providesair sources to the gas impact device and the aeration device. An opening of the cover is arranged vertically downwards. The gas impact device and the aeration device are located in the cover. The gassupply device is located outside the cover, and provides gases to the gas impact device and the aeration device through the corresponding gas pipelines. The sludge pump is located outside the cover. Mud-water mixtures of the river and lake bottom sediments in the cover are drawn by the liquid pipeline for heterotopic treatment. The device and the method have the advantages that the in-situ remediation of the river and lake bottom sediments can be realized, restoration of habitat conditions of the river and lake bottom sediments is combined with restoration of aquatic plants, the restoration ofthe aquatic plants is promoted through change of redox conditions of bottom mud on a surface layer, and accordingly, a stable river and lake ecosystem is formed.

The invention discloses a lake-ecosystem catastrophe early-warning method. According to the method, by the adoption of ecosystem mutation detection results, and time nodes can be obtained, wherein at the time nodes, lake-ecosystem energy quality mutates, and that is to say, catastrophes occur; in this way, ecosystem energy quality critical points are selected, in combination with a lake-ecosystem catastrophe early-warning model which is established on the basis of ecosystem total phosphorus, total nitrogen and energy-quality time sequences, the corresponding total phosphorus concentration and total nitrogen concentration are obtained through calculation and serve as early-warning threshold values of a Taihu ecosystem, and results of the method are more suitable for the actual lake environment. According to the method, the problem can be solved that it is difficult for a traditional disturbance modulation testing method based on a critical slowdown principle to adapt to actual ecosystem interference factors, and the method is a more accurate and more practical lake-ecosystem catastrophe early-warning method.

The invention discloses a method for predicting and simulating the total phosphorus cycle of a shallow lake ecosystem. The method includes: A, constructing a phosphorus recycling model in water; B, constructing a phosphorus recycling model in the sediment; C, establishing a total phosphorus cycle model of shallow lake ecosystem. The method of the invention can scientifically evaluate the phosphorus pollution problem existing in the lake, and predict the environmental benefits, risks and uncertainties achieved by the use of different management methods, and use environmental conditions to makescenario simulations of the use of different management methods, so as to make predictions and provide scientific theoretical reference and guidance for environmental managers.

The invention relates to a regulation and stability maintenance method for a shallow lake ecosystem. The method comprises the following steps: (1) evaluation technology for the structure and the function of an ecological system: using an ecopath model to obtain key parameters of each functional group in the ecological system of a lake, to learn about different nutrition level distribution, function intensity of each nutrition level and biomass sizes of different functional groups in the lake ecological system, and to analyze and evaluate imbalance factors; (2) multi-nutrient-level biological manipulation technology: (2-1) combined effect of multiple organisms; and (2-2) ecological restoration evaluation; (3) vegetation recovery and wetland reconstruction technology in a shallow water area;(4) repeating the steps (1), (2) and (3); and (5) water quality-water quantity combined regulation: detecting the rainfall of an area where the lake is located, monitoring the reservoir capacity replacement of the lake, acquiring water area characteristics, nutrition imbalance conditions and aquatic organism community function group composition according to a hydrodynamic model, and periodicallydetecting and verifying the physicochemical indexes of a water body.

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological engineering and water treatment, and particularly discloses a combined restoring method for a eutrophic lake. The combined restoring method comprises the following steps: using a biological filter, a biologic nest, a flow generating system, a biologic membrane purification system, an aquatic ecosystem and an ecological floating island in a combined manner to treat the eutrophic lake water, providing necessary conditions for water body ecological restoration, constructing a healthy lake ecosystem, and improving the self-cleaning capacity of the lake water body, so as to achieve the targets of purifying the lake water body and restoring the aquatic ecology; when in the rainstorm process, a lot of sewage is discharged into the lake to cause impact pollution, or a lot of alga emerges in the lake, a bacterial purifying preparation can be sprayed to the lake, so that blue-green alga and green alga outburst can be effectively prevented or inhibited. The combined restoring method disclosed by the invention is free of secondary pollution, low in operating cost in the later period, good in restoration effect, and long-lasting in purifying effect, and can meet the large-scale engineering treatment requirements.

The present invention discloses a method for evaluating a shallow lake fishery environment by using microbial food web efficiency. The method comprises that: S1, phytoplankton primary productivity, bacterial productivity and medium-sized zooplankton productivity in shallow lake are determined; S2, the shallow lake microbial food web efficiency FWEp is equal to medium-sized zooplankton productivity/(phytoplankton primary productivity + bacterial productivity); and S3, the shallow lake fishery environment is evaluated through the microbial food web efficiency FWEp, wherein the higher the microbial food web efficiency FWEp value, the better the shallow lake fishery environment quality. According to the present invention, the shallow lake fishery environment is subjected to the comprehensive evaluation so as to provide the basis for the scientific management of fishery and water environments and the rational development of lake ecosystems, and provide important guiding significance.

The invention relates to a wetland pre-pond eutrophication control method which comprises the following steps: at the early stage of ecological system construction, biological bricks, a phosphorus locking agent and a circulating aeration device are applied to quickly improve the water quality and the substrate of a pre-pond; after the water ecosystem is rapidly restored, the plants are systematically planted in the pre-pond water, the bottom and the bank, after the clear water steady-state shallow lake ecosystem based on the submerged plants is gradually formed, rapid improvement measures aregradually reduced and even omitted, and the project is periodically maintained. With application of the control method, water-bottom-bank systematic habitat optimization can be conducted on the pre-pond, natural construction and gradual improvement of the clear water steady-state shallow lake ecosystem are promoted, and thus eutrophication of the pre-pond is prevented for a long time.

The invention relates to an analysis method of bioavailable phosphorus in algae and aquatic plant. The analysis method includes the steps that the concrete phosphorus components in the lake algae and aquatic plant are analyzed through liquid-state 31P-NMR technology and an enzyme hydrolysis method and compared, it is found that the phosphorus components detected by the two methods are similar, wherein it is detected through the liquid-state 31P-NMR technology that the algae and aquatic plant contain 15 or more kinds of phosphorus components, it is found through the enzyme hydrolysis method that phytate phosphorus and an active monoester phosphorus component are high in hydrolysis capacity and account for 50.2% and 43.5% of the total hydrolysable organophosphorus respectively; various enzymes are added for culture to research the bioavailable phosphorus in the lake algae and aquatic plant, it is found that most monoester phosphorus and pyrophosphate in the organic phosphorus of the lake algae and aquatic plant are hydrolyzed into orthophosphate capable of being used directly by biont to different extents, sufficient nutrient substances are provided for algae breakout once more, and when the outside environment conditions are suitable, algae will break out circularly, which brings huge hidden danger to a lake ecosystem and drinking safety of the human.

The invention discloses a restoration method of an artificial lake ecosystem. The restoration method comprises the following steps: 1, cleaning algae and sludge; 2, carrying out mud bottom improvementand activation; 3, planting submerged plants; and 4, throwing in algae-eating insects. The step 1 comprises the following steps that firstly, stirrers are arranged at multiple points of the lake surface, and stirring parts of the stirrers extend into the bottom of the lake for stirring till silt at the bottom of the lake rises and is mixed in lake water; then silt deposition net bags are settledto the bottom of the lake one by one, after 2-3 days, the silt deposition net bags are folded one by one, and the silt is accumulated to one side of the lake to be exposed to the sun; and sludge at the bottom of the lake is cleaned up. Sludge is stirred and mixed in water and then deposited into the sludge deposition nets and fished out, green algae on the lake surface are also stirred and scattered in the stirring process and fished ashore along with the sludge in the fishing process, water in the lake does not need to be drained completely, the sludge and the green algae are fished out at the same time, and manpower and material resources are saved.

The invention discloses a compound ecological restoration method for a lakeside zone of a shallow lake, which takes pioneer submerged plant species, emergent aquatic plant species and submerged plants as cores, constructs an aquatic plant community, forms key factors for maintaining the structure and the function of an aquatic ecosystem, and combines ecological restoration technologies such as microorganisms, fishes, shellfishes and aquatic plants, on one hand, pollution indexes such as ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in the water body are deeply purified, and on the other hand, the balance of a lake ecosystem is kept. Meanwhile, the planted aquatic plants have good ornamental value, the ecological landscape of the lakeside zone is effectively improved, and the diversity of organisms such as birds, plants and aquatic organisms in the lakeside zone is recovered.

The invention discloses a method for establishing a freshwater lake ecosystem, and belongs to the technical field of freshwater environmental pollution control. The method for establishing the freshwater lake ecosystem comprises the following steps of water quality improvement, water level maintenance, land-water interface treatment, bottom mud improvement, food network chain establishment, waterquality monitoring and the like, and an algae inhibitor throwing device is also arranged. Conditions for restoring the water ecosystem are established through combination of physics, chemistry and biology, and nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in water are effectively degraded and absorbed by match of warm and cold plants, so that pollution load of a water body can be effectively reduced, the water body is purified, and the water ecosystem is stabilized. Aquatic plants and aquatic animals are thrown to construct a reasonable food network chain, and a plurality of aquatic plants and aquatic animals can exert a synergistic effect, so that the effect is more obvious compared with the effect of singly planting aquatic plants or singly throwing aquatic animals, transparency of the water body is improved, nutrient salts are reduced, and construction and restore of the water body ecosystem are facilitated.

The invention provides a method for improving service functions of urban lake ecosystem landscapes. The method comprises the following steps of (1) spraying polyacrylamide into a target water body, sothat the concentration in the water body can reach 5 to 20mg/L; after two months, spraying entozole into the target water body for two to three times, wherein the dosage is 0.1 to 0.5g/m<2> each time; after one month, spraying sodium naphthyl acetate into the target water body for two to three times, wherein the dosage is 0.5 to 1g/m<2> each time. The method has the characteristics that accordingto the problem of submerged plant landscape in the urban lake water body, the height of the lake submerged plant is inhibited, and the root is strengthened, so as to reach the purposes of optimizingof submerged plant landscapes in the urban lake water body and stabilizing of colonies; the safety effect is realized, the cost is low, and the like.