The invention discloses a cultivation method of polyculture of California weever and yellow-head catfish, which belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and relates to biological and ecological habits of California weever, yellow-head catfish, silver carp and spotted silver carp, in particular to a 5-30-mu and 1.8-2.8-meter deep pond chosen for the polyculture of the California weevers and the yellow-head catfish and technologies and methods such as a strict preliminary processing, reasonable fish seeds stocking time and density, the mixed feeding of iced fresh fish and extruded feeds, the water quality management, the disease control, the fishing and harvest and the like. The California weevers do not have strong feeding desire for fish blocks and fish mince sink to the bottom of the pond so that the rot of residues of the iced fresh fish is caused with water quality rotten and bacteria breeding. In the California weevers cultivation pond, the yellow-head catfish are polycultured for feeding food residues, the silver carps are polycultured for controlling the generation of blue algae, and the spotted silver carps are polycultured for controlling the generation of plankton, thereby the balance and stability of cultivation eco-system is maintained in the pond, substance and energy flow smoothly in the system, the water quality environment is good, the constitution of cultivated aquatic animals is healthy, the possibility of disease occurring is reduced, the feed coefficient is lowered, and the culture benefit is increased. The method is feasible in technology, which is pioneering in the domestic California weever cultivation field, and is convenient to be applied for cultivation enterprises and aquatic farmers, thereby owning broad prospects.