The invention relates to an underwater intelligent robot radar obstacle avoidance system. The system comprises a robot body (1), wherein a top surface, a bottom surface, a left surface and a right surface of the robot body are respectively equipped with a radar transceiver (2), the robot body is internally provided with a single-chip microcomputer (3) and a peripheral circuit connected with the single-chip microcomputer, the single-chip microcomputer (3) is internally provided with a timer (4), radar signals are transmitted to each radar transceiver (2) by the single-chip microcomputer (3) in a time division one-to-one correspondence mode, feedback signals of an obstacle are respectively transmitted by the radar transceivers (2) to the single-chip microcomputer (3) in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the timer (4) starts when the radar signals are transmitted, the timer (4) stops when the feedback signals are transmitted, and distances between the obstacle (5) and the radar transceivers (2) can be calculated by the single-chip microcomputer (3) according to time difference between starting and stopping of the timer (4). The system is advantaged in that obstacle avoidance can be more reasonably and effectively carried out, moreover, miniaturization and light weight can be realized, and the system can be applied to micro underwater robots.