46 results about "Spermatophore" patented technology

This invention is directed to methods for manipulating sex, reversing sex, changing sex ratio, or moderating crustacean androgenic gland peptide expression in crustaceans for producing a monosex culture. In one embodiment, the present method comprises the step of injecting a dsRNA for the gene of IAG into a male crustacean. In another embodiment, the present method comprises the step of injecting a dsRNA for the gene of IAG into a female crustacean that had acquired a spermatophore (a sperm sac) after mating with a male. In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method of producing a monosex culture of crustacean by introducing a recombinant IAG peptide into the female crustacean, thereby obtains male with altered sexual characteristics for mating with a normal female. In one embodiment, the crustacean is a shrimp or lobster.

The invention discloses a directional mating method for Penaeus vannamei Boone. The method includes the steps that parent prawns are selected and subjected to nutrient enrichment cultivation, a mating scheme is set, male prawns are ripened and independently cultivated, female prawns are ripened and independently cultivated, directional mating parent prawns are selected and subjected to directional mating, and spawning and fertilization are performed. The method is designed according to the life habits and the mating, fertilization and spawning characteristics of the Penaeus vannamei Boone, and possible injuries to the male prawns and the female prawns in the artificial fertilization process can be avoided. In the whole mating process, it is only needed to determine the serial numbers of the parent prawns for mating, operation is convenient and easy, and the genealogical relationship of established families can be accurately established. The genetic relationship of the individuals of the families is determined, the mating scheme is designed artificially, and inbreeding depression of the established families can be effectively avoided. The method has the advantages of being high in success rate and low in parent prawn loss, and overcomes the defects that in the prior art, when Penaeus vannamei Boone families are established in an artificial fertilization mode, spermatophore is prone to falling off, the fertilization rate is low, and half sibs cannot be established easily.

The invention discloses an indoor cultivation method of litopenaeus vannamei parent, and relates to the breeding of seawater shrimps. The method disclosed by the invention selects the healthy shrimp seed without carrying white spot syndrome virus, and is characterized in that the parent cultivation is performed in a cement nursery pond in a seed cultivation room; the water change amount of the cement nursery pond is adjusted according to the body length of the shrimp seeds; the shrimp seeds are fed with compound feed before the body length reaches 10cm; the shrimp seeds are fed with the mixture of compound feed and fresh shredded squid when the body length reaches 10cm; when the body length reaches 12cm, the shrimp seeds are fed with fresh shredded squid; after the shrimp seeds are longer than 14cm, the spermatophore of the male shrimp occurs, the shrimp seeds are fed with fresh fait with gonad of clamworm and oyster meat; before the shrimp seeds reach the parent specification, the cultivation salinity is kept at 22; when the shrimp seeds reach the parent specification and the spermatophore of a few male shrimps is mature, the salinity is adjusted to 30; and in the next day after a great amount of water in the nursery pond is changed, 10ml/m<3> of composite bacterial liquid consisting of bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycetes is added once per day.

The invention discloses a biological engineering method of squids, which comprises the steps of selecting a masculine adult squid, pinching off spermatophore thereof, and immersing the spermatophore in low-temperature seawater containing adapting reagent; putting a feminine squid in a container filled with low-temperature seawater for temporary culture for 5 to 30 minutes; charging CO2 into the low-temperature seawater; taking the feminine squid out, and implanting the spermatophore into a mantle of the feminine squid; putting the feminine squid after insemination back to the container filled with low-temperature water, charging CO2 into the seawater and boosting pressure; reducing pressure to normal, and then increasing the temperature of water gradually. The spermatophore is immersed in the low-temperature seawater containing the adapting reagent, and after insemination, failures caused by pinch-off of the spermatophore by a tentacle of a female parent due to inadaptation to the spermatophore can be effectively reduced. The biological engineering method of squids is applicable to biological engineering operation of homologous or heterogenetic squids, has the advantages of high hatching rate, high survival rate, little disease, easy culture, strong disease resistance, rapid growth and the like, and the biological engineering method has easy implementation and high success rate.

The invention discloses a method for storing spermatophore of litopenaeus vannamei at low temperature. The method comprises the following steps of: acquiring the spermatophore, fixing the spermatophore, storing the spermatophore and dyeing spermatozoa. In the method, a culture layer for the spermatophore of the litopenaeus vannamei is prepared from 0.3 to 0.4 part of 1.8 to 3.0 percent self-prepared type I liquid rat tail collagen serving as a medium for contracting the culture layer, 0.3 to 0.4 part of culture solution of 2*1,640, 0.1 to 0.2 part of fetal calf serum in an American GIBCO company and 0.1 part of Matrigel (a soluble basilar membrane matrix) in an American Sigma company, wherein the culture layer is viscous at normal temperature, and can be solidified at the temperature of 40 DEG C and can wrap the spermatophore. The spermatophore is packaged in separate an epoxy resin (EP) tube at the normal temperature, the spermatophore is wrapped by the prepared culture layer, and the EP tube wrapped with the spermatophore is arranged in a refrigerator to be stored at the low temperature of 4 DEG C. The method has the characteristics of simplicity of operation, complete storage of a spermatophore structure, high survival rate of the spermatozoa, long retention time, stable effect of low-temperature storage and the like and is easy to popularize and apply. The retention time of the spermatophore is at least 3 months, and the survival rate of the spermatozoa is over 80 percent.

The invention discloses a method for extracting macrobrachium spermatophore through a pulse electric shock method and a macrobrachium intraspecific crossbreeding method. The methods comprise the steps that two pulse electrode tips are put on the portions close to the rear sides of two fifth paraeiopod bases, a connecting lead between the two electrode tips is parallel to the junction loop line of the cephalothorax and the abdomen of male macrobrachium, the electrode tips are basically perpendicular to the abdomen surface of the male macrobrachium, a pulse power switch is gently clicked once or twice, and the male macrobrachium is simulated through pulse electricity; a person pays close attention to spermatophore discharging holes formed in the inner sides of the fifth paraeiopod bases, takes down the spermatophore as soon as finding the spermatophore with ophthalmological tweezers and rapidly stick the spermatophore to the portions between the fourth paraeiopod bases and the fifth paraeiopod bases of congener female macrobrachium which just finishes reproductive uncoating, and the female macrobrachium conducts oviposition and incubation by itself. According to the method for extracting the macrobrachium spermatophore through the pulse electric shock method and the macrobrachium intraspecific crossbreeding method, the spermatophore can be extracted from the male macrobrachium rapidly, effectively and safely, the pulse electricity is adopted to extract the spermatophore, the male macrobrachium is not damaged, and compared with stimulation through an ordinary alternating current, the extracting success rate, the transplanting success rate and the fertilization rate are all obviously increased.

The invention discloses a non-directional mating litopenaeus vannamei full-sib family batch preparation method. According to defects of an existing litopenaeus vannamei family preparation technology, the method in which non-directional mating is used, litopenaeus vannamei beard tissue is sheared to extract DNA, and remaining sperms in spermatophores of female litopenaeus vannamei obtained after oviposition serve as a male parent source basis is designed, a male parent individual and a female parent individual are determined by means of an existing mature microsatellite parentage identification technology, and a full-sib family is prepared. The method which combines high non-directional random mating efficiency and high microsatellite parentage identification accuracy is used, the defects of the existing litopenaeus vannamei family preparation technology are made up for, and the method is beneficial to litopenaeus vannamei genetic breeding.

The invention discloses a cultivation method of Homarus seeds. The method is characterized in that when the gonad index of male Homarus parents reaches 5-20%, zinc sulfate, monocalcium phosphate and vitamin C are added to female Homarus parents and the temperature is risen 1-3 DEG C each day to accelerate the gonad maturity of the female Homarus parents so as to allow the female Homarus parents to molt, the molted female Homarus parents and the male Homarus parents are cultivated in a mixed manner, the spermatophores of the male Homarus parents can be easily inserted into the molted female Homarus parents, and mating rate is increased greatly; the mated female Homarus parents are cultivated independently, cultivation conditions such as spawning and hatching and larva cultivation are controlled until the Homarus seeds are obtained, and fully-artificial Homarus seed cultivation is achieved successfully.

The invention discloses a litopenaeus vannamei semi-directional mating full sibs family construction and parent determination method. By performing semi-directional mating between one female shrimp and many male shrimps, the mating success rate is ensured, and then by examining whether the spermatophore of the male shrimps is empty or not one to one, a male parent is determined. According to the litopenaeus vannamei semi-directional mating full sibs family construction and parent determination method, a litopenaeus vannamei full sibs family can be efficiently constructed, and a large quantityof the full sibs family filial generations are obtained; by the adoption of the method, the parent of the full sibs family can be conveniently and fast determined so that heredity and trait characteristics of the full sibs family parent can be completely obtained. The method provides important technological support for litopenaeus vannamei molecular marker assistant breeding.

The invention relates to a method for obtaining Neoseiulus californicus spermatophores and observing the Neoseiulus californicus spermatophores under a transmission electron microscope. The method ischaracterized in that spermatophores are obtained from the male gnathosoma of mating Neoseiulus californicus, and are observed under the transmission electron microscope, and the method includes the steps of obtaining of male and female Neoseiulus californicuss, setting of the male and female Neoseiulus californicuss, separation of the male and female Neoseiulus californicuss, obtaining of the spermatophores, and preparation and observation of a spermatophore transmission electron microscopy sample. The Neoseiulus californicus male spermatophores can be obtained through a very simple and ingenious technology, and the ultrastructural observation of the internal structure and substances of the outer spermatophores of the Neoseiulus californicus is carried out by using the transmission electron microscope, so the form and the quantity of sperms in the outer spermatophore and the change (such as heterogenization) or not of the sperms before reaching female Neoseiulus californicus are clearly known, thereby the determination of whether the male Neoseiulus californicus plays a decisive role in the gender determination process or not is benefited.

The invention relates to a method for acquiring predatory mite spermatophore. The method is characterized by a method for artificially acquiring and picking spermatophore from phytoseiidae predatory mite capitulum in the mating process. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring male and female mites in the mating process; shaping male and female mites; separating male and female mites; and acquiring and storing spermatophore. All the operations, except for the shaping of the male and female mites in the mating process, are performed under the microscope. The invention utilizes a simple and smart method to acquire the predatory mite spermatophore; the acquisition for the spermatophore is capable of supplying material source for the research on the male mite sperm; the invention also can supply reference for the acquisition for the other colony predatory mite spermatophore.

The invention relates to a method for acquiring phyoseiulus persimilis spermatophore. The method is characterized by being the method for manually acquiring and picking spermatophore from male phyoseiulus persimilis capitulum in the mating process. The method comprises the following four steps: acquiring male and female mites in the mating process; shaping male and female mites; separating male and female mites; and acquiring and storing spermatophore. All the operations, except for the shaping of the male and female mites in the mating process, are performed under the microscope. The invention utilizes a simple and smart method to acquire the phyoseiulus persimilis spermatophore; the acquisition for the spermatophore is capable of supplying material source for the research on the phyoseiulus persimilis sperm; the invention also can supply reference for the acquisition for the other colony predatory mite spermatophore.

The invention relates to a method for observing a spermatophore of a predatory mite under a scanning electron microscope. The method is characterized by steps of acquiring a predatory mite male with an easy-to-see spermatophore at first and then preparing and observing the spermatophore under the scanning electron microscope, and comprises five parts of acquisition of predatory mite male and female in mating, sizing of predatory mite male and female, separation of predatory mite male and female, storage of predatory mite male, and spermatophore scanning electron microscope specimen preparationand observation. According to the invention, the easy and ingenious method is utilized to acquire the spermatophore of the predatory mite male, and realize the purpose of observing the tiny externalstructure of the spermatophore under the scanning electron microscope; the acquisition of the spermatophore provides a raw material for observing the structure of the spermatophore under the scanningelectron microscope, and a result of the scanning electron microscope facilitates the foundation of research on other respects of the spermatophore and gives enlightenment.

The invention relates to a method for acquiring and observing neoseiulus californicus spermatophores under a scanning electron microscope. The method is characterized in that male neoseiulus californicus easily seen spermatophores are firstly acquired, and the spermatophores are prepared and observed under the scanning electron microscope. The method includes the steps: acquisition of male and female neoseiulus californicus in mating; shaping of the male and female neoseiulus californicus; separation of the male and female neoseiulus californicus; storage of the male neoseiulus californicus; preparation and observation of spermatophore scanning electron microscope specimens. The male neoseiulus californicus spermatophores can be acquired by a quite simple, easy and ingenious method, fine external structures of the spermatophores can be observed under the scanning electron microscope, acquisition of the spermatophores can provide raw materials for observation of the spermatophore structure under the scanning electron microscope, and results of the scanning electron microscope lay a foundation and provides an enlightenment for research of other directions of the spermatophores.

The invention relates to a method for obtaining Amblyseius tsugawai spermatophores and observing the Amblyseius tsugawai spermatophores under a transmission electron microscope. The method is characterized in that spermatophores are obtained from the male gnathosoma of mating Amblyseius tsugawai, and are observed under the transmission electron microscope, and the method includes the steps of obtaining of male and female Amblyseius tsugawais, setting of the male and female Amblyseius tsugawais, separation of the male and female Amblyseius tsugawais, obtaining of the spermatophores, and preparation and observation of a spermatophore transmission electron microscopy sample. The Amblyseius tsugawai male spermatophores can be obtained through a very simple and ingenious technology, and the ultrastructural observation of the internal structure and substances of the outer spermatophores of the Amblyseius tsugawai is carried out by using the transmission electron microscope, so the form and the quantity of sperms in the outer spermatophore and the change (such as heterogenization) or not of the sperms before reaching female Amblyseius tsugawai are clearly known, thereby the determinationof whether the male Amblyseius tsugawai plays a decisive role in the gender determination process or not is benefited.

The invention relates to a manufacturing method of a male Amblyseius tsugawai semen slide specimen. The manufacturing method is characterized in that the manufacturing method is a method for manufacturing a semen slide specimen after acquiring a spermatophore from the jaw body of male Amblyseius tsugawai which is mating, and comprises the following five parts such as acquisition of mating male andfemale Amblyseius tsugawai, shaping of male and female Amblyseius tsugawai, separation of male and female Amblyseius tsugawai, acquisition of the spermatophore, acquisition of semens and slide specimen preparation. The spermatophore of the male Amblyseius tsugawai can be acquired and the semen slide specimen can be manufactured by using an extremely simple and smart method, the acquisition of thespermatophore can provide raw materials for the manufacturing and research of the male Amblyseius tsugawai semen slide specimen, and the manufacturing of the semen slide specimen can provide reference for understanding the shape of Amblyseius tsugawai semens and disclosing the reproduction principle of Amblyseius tsugawai.