209 results about "Carapace" patented technology

The present invention relates to a method for preparing chitin and chitosan oligosac charide. The method comprises the steps that usual raw materials such as the crust of shrimp and crab, the insect crust or the fungal mycelia, etc. are micronized through the dry process or wet process; the carapace material of the obtained fine powder raw material is decalcified with the chemical process, and then is defatted and deproteinized with the method of micro-organism compound enzyme coarse enzyme liquid co-enzymolysis, and the insect and fungus fine powder thereof is directly defatted and deproteinized; a whole cell immobilizing bioreactor of a chitin deacetylase high-yield producing strain is prepared, to perform the circulatory deacetylation to the chitin and then obtain chitosan with corresponding degree of deacetylatoion; obligate anaerobic acid-producing bacterium and high-yield producing chitosan bacterium are utilized, the chitosan is submerged and fermented in the liquid, to obtain chitosan oligosaccharide with high water solubility. The present invention has the advantages that the method is helpful to fully utilize the resources, and makes the waste to the worth, at the same time, the default of the manufacturing process of the chemical process can be avoided, the production efficiency is improved, the energy is saved, the consumption is reduced, the byproduct with corresponding high value added can be produced, the comprehensive economic benefits of the relative secondary industry are obviously improved, the industrial development is promoted, and the multi-win effect is attained.

The invention discloses a compound chitooligosaccharide foliar fertilizer, which contains chitooligosaccharide components. Effectively improve fruit expansion, sugar content, fragrance and color; increase plant stress resistance and resistance to disease and insect pests, so as to increase crop yield, improve crop quality, and reduce pesticide residues.

The invention discloses a novel Chinese medicinal composition for treating cirrhosis and a preparation method thereof. The Chinese medicinal composition mainly comprises the following raw materials: dragon's blood, pangolin scales, rhizome of chuanxiong, red peony root, white peony root, poria, bighead atractylodes rhizome, peach kernel, safflower, glossy ganoderma, dragon's blood, rhizoma corydalis, Chinese angelica, rhizoma sparganii, curcuma zedoary, dried orange peel, immature bitter orange, rhubarb, ginseng, raw astragalus, prepared rehmannia, kudzu vine root, tortoise-plastron glue, cornu cervi degelatinatum, turtle carapace glue, raw rehmannia, figwort, dogwood, three-nerved spicebush root, bitter orange, nutgrass galingale rhizome, dried orange peel, costustoot, agilawood, bark of magnolia, fructus evodiae, longstamen onion bulb and aspongopus. The Chinese medicinal composition can be prepared into any common oral preparation according to the conventional Chinese medicinal preparation. The composition can treat patients with the main symptoms of weakness, anorexia and indigestion, and the symptoms of naupathia, oil disgust, abdominal flatulence, epigastric discomfort, dull pain and diarrhea, poor general condition and nutrition condition, weight loss and weakness, and lassitude and the patients who are bedridden due to weakness and have the accompanying symptoms of dry and rough skin, pale and dark face, anemia, glossitis, angular stomatitis, night blindness, polyneuritis, edema, water and electrolyte disorders, portal hypertension and the like. The Chinese medicinal composition has the advantages of exact clinical curative effect, remarkable curative effect and quick response, and also has the advantages of low cost, no toxic or side effect basically and the like because the Chinese medicinal composition is combined by adopting medicinal and edible medicaments formulated by National Formulary basically.

The invention discloses a carapace bone script explanation machine translation method based on an example, which comprises the steps of: (a) building to finish a carapace bone script explanation-modern Chinese language bilingual corpus; (b) finishing the sentence alignment, the phrase alignment and the word alignment of the bilingual corpus, and building a translation example library; (c) inputting a carapace bone script explanation to be translated; (d) on the basis of the translation example library built in step (b), carrying out full-example matching or parts-of-example matching retrieval to the input carapace bone script explanation to be translated; (e) displaying a final translation result to a user via a display; and (f) evaluating the translation result, and adding a bilingual sentence pair which satisfies a paraphrasing requirement into the translation example library. With the carapace bone script explanation machine translation method based on an example, which utilizes the storage and inquiry advantages of the computer, burden of carapace bone script experts is lightened, and a carapace bone script research threshold is lowered.

The invention discloses a method for extracting chitin from shrimp and crab shells. The method comprises the following steps: raw material treatment, ultrasonic treatment, high-pressure treatment, acid treatment, and drying to obtain the product. Compared with the existing acid and alkali treatment, microbiological treatment and the like, the method has the advantages that the time is greatly shortened, and the obtained chitin is high in yield and high in content.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing chitin and chitosan oligosac charide. The method comprises the steps that usual raw materials such as the crust of shrimp and crab, the insect crust or the fungal mycelia, etc. are micronized through the dry process or wet process; the carapace material of the obtained fine powder raw material is decalcified with the chemical process, and then is defatted and deproteinized with the method of micro-organism compound enzyme coarse enzyme liquid co-enzymolysis, and the insect and fungus fine powder thereof is directly defatted and deproteinized; a whole cell immobilizing bioreactor of a chitin deacetylase high-yield producing strain is prepared, to perform the circulatory deacetylation to the chitin and then obtain chitosan with corresponding degree of deacetylatoion; obligate anaerobic acid-producing bacterium and high-yield producing chitosan bacterium are utilized, the chitosan is submerged and fermented in the liquid, to obtain chitosan oligosaccharide with high water solubility. The present invention has the advantages that the method is helpful to fully utilize the resources, and makes the waste to the worth, at the same time, the default of the manufacturing process of the chemical process can be avoided, the production efficiency is improved, the energy is saved, the consumption is reduced, the byproduct with corresponding high value added can be produced, the comprehensive economic benefits of the relative secondary industry are obviously improved, the industrial development is promoted, and the multi-win effectis attained.

The invention relates to a method for preparing chitin, L-calcium lactate and compound amino acid or peptide by performing microbial fermentation on carapace waste of shrimps, crabs and the like. The method comprises the following steps of: fermenting the carapace waste in seed solution of Lactobacillus rhamnosus CICC6003 and Bacillus subtilis CICC23579 to obtain the L-calcium lactate; and fermenting the carapace waste in the seed solution of Aspergillus oryzae CICC41477 to obtain the compound amino acid or the peptide and the chitin. By the method, decalcification, degreasing and deproteinization of the carapace waste of the shrimps, the crabs and the like can be realized, and high-quality chitin, L-calcium lactate and compound amino acid (peptide) series products can be prepared so as to realize comprehensive utilization of protein and calcium carbonate resources.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition used for curing chronic hepatitis and a preparation method thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is made of raw material medicines with the weight proportion by parts: 40 to 160 parts of Chinese thorowax root, 40 to 160 parts of debark peony root, 40 to 160 parts of angelica, 40 to 160 parts of India madder root, 40 to 160 parts of largehead atractylodes rhizome, 40 to 160 parts of Tuckahoe, 40 to 160 parts of turtle carapace, 40 to 160 parts of massa medicata fermentata hunanensis, 60 to 240 parts of Codonopsis pilosula nannfeldt, 60 to 240 parts of Lalang Grass Rhizome, 24 to 96 parts of immature orange fruit, 20 to 80 parts of green tangerine peel, 12 to 48 parts of villous amomum fruit, 12 to 48 parts of earthworm and 12 to 48 parts of liguorice. The traditional Chinese medicine composition of the invention has the pharmacological efficacies of antagonizing hepatic damage, protecting liver, regulating immune function, reducing aminopherase, improving liver function and on the like, and the clinical efficacy observation experiments prove that the traditional Chinese medicine composition has the exact efficacies to the chronic hepatitis, in particular to chronic active hepatitis, chronic persisting hepatitis and early cirrhosis; and the clinical application is of safety and no toxicity and side effects.

The invention discloses an artificial breeding method for soft-shelled turtles. The artificial breeding method for soft-shelled turtles comprises the following specific steps of: building a soft-shelled turtle pool at a place which is leeward and exposed to the sun, adequate in water source, convenient to drain and irrigate, and away from human and livestock lanes, constructing an anti-escape weir around the interior of the pool, and sealing the water inlet and the water outlet of the pool by wire meshes; selecting wide soft-shelled turtles with flat abdomens, large and fleshy bodies, brown or olive-green or black-green carapaces, and milk-white or light-red plastrons, and breeding; because the feeding habits during each growth phase from hatching to growing into soft-shelled turtles are basically invariable, mainly feeding animal baits and auxiliarily feeding plant baits; performing disinfection and cleaning treatments on the baits in advanced, using the baits right after the baits are ready, pouring the baits in the form of feeding, and ensuring a distance of 2-3cm between the baits and the water level; planting water hyacinth in water, and periodically regulating water quality; timely patrolling the pool. By virtue of the mode above-mentioned, according to the artificial breeding method for soft-shelled turtles disclosed by the invention, the hatching rate can be greatly increased and the hatching period can be reduced with the adoption of artificial breeding, thus providing adequate young soft-shelled turtles for artificial soft-shelled turtles.

The invention discloses a medicinal wheat yellow wine mold culture and a preparation method thereof. The material components of the mold culture (weight is calculated by kg) are as follows: wheat: 1000, golden cypress: 28 to 32, angelica: 8 to 12, combined spicebush: 37 to 43, tangerine peel: 8 to 10, marshmarigold to leaved beesia herb: 11 to 13, gardenia: 7 to 9, chrysanthemum: 10 to 14, contorta: 7 to 9, sagebrush: 9 to 11, carapace: 9 to 11, cinnamon: 7 to 9, almond: 5 to 7, small sweet herb: 10 to 12, anise tree: 7 to 9, Amomum tsao to ko: 8 to 10, Chinese prickly ash: 2 to 3, thorn seed: 75 to 85 and angelica root: 3 to 5; the integral process flow of the preparation method is raw materials-crushing-mixing-stirring-stepping-yeast production-fermenting-culture stage- ventilation stage-yeasting culture stage-taking out and storage. The medicinal wheat yellow wine mold culture of the invention integrates the advantages of the current wheat, wheat yeast and red rice, the preparation method causes the permeability of yeast base to be good and fermentation to be high active and complete, the yeast preparation process is easy to be controlled and the quality of finished yeast is stable. Yellow wine brewed by using the wheat yellow wine mold culture does not subside and has no suspended matters after a long period of storage, furthermore, the yellow wine tastes good and has stable quality and long quality guarantee period.

The invention discloses comprehensive technique on agricultural planting and breeding and particularly relates to an agricultural three-dimensional planting and breeding novel method for two kinds of plants ad one kind of animals. The invention mainly relates to a three-dimensional planting and breeding method integrating loofahs, water cresses and crabs and aims to realize high economic benefits of the high-tech agricultural planting-breeding industry. In the loofah-water cress-crab three-dimensional planting and breeding method, mainly by building a crab pond and a water cress field, planting the loofahs and the water cresses and breeding the crabs, the mode and the method for the agricultural three-dimensional planting and breeding for two plants which are the loofah and the water cress and one crustacean which is the crab are realized. The method of the invention has the advantages of providing a beneficial scientific method for the agricultural three-dimensional planting and breeding in China, providing technological support the improvement of economic benefits of agricultural products, making the annual income exceed 20,000 Yuan per mu possible, and contributing to the development of human agricultural production technique.

A diving device that allows the diver to go below the surface of the water and still breath surface pressure air. By using a plurality of check valves and a helmet and carapace, that keeps the surface pressure around the divers critical chest, head, neck, and abdominal area. The old law that you can not breathe surface pressure air below the surface is broken. 2 long hoses communicates with the surface, and allows even novice divers to reach 10 to 30 feet below the surface with a heretofore-unknown safety and ease. This can be thought of as taking a submarine to its smallest possible size.

The invention relates to a composition for promoting carapace growth and recovery of crustaceans of aquaculture animals, in particular to the composition for promoting the carapace growth and recovery of shrimps and crabs of the crustaceans. The composition is characterized in that: the composition by the parts by weight is as follows: 5 to 15 parts of vitamin D [3], 3 to 9 parts of vitamin C, 15 to 30 parts of monobasic calcium phosphate and 46 to 77 parts of carrier. The composition has the effects of promoting the growth and the recovery of the carapace and the hardness after carapace shedding of the shrimps and the crabs of the crustaceans, thus improving survival rate of carapace shedding, increasing bright color and luster of the surfaces of the shrimps and the crabs of the crustaceans, assisting treatment for carapace ulcer, improving the anti-disease ability and the anti-stress ability, increasing the carapace hardness and improving the yield.

The invention relates to an optimum selection method of a wild parent of an autumn shrimp of Marsupenaeus japonicus and a fundamental group morphological model obtaining method. Marsupenaeus japonicus summer wild individual shrimps having the body types meeting a morphological model equation of a Marsupenaeus japonicus autumn shrimp high-quality wild parent selection fundamental group are selected into an autumn shrimp high-quality wild parent fundamental group; after artificial ripening promotion and culture, female shrimps that have characteristics of bright and clean body surfaces, bright and transparent shells, bright body colors, complete appendages, healthy states with no disease and no damage, quick reaction, good gonad development, and long body lengths larger than or equal to 16cm are selected as Marsupenaeus japonicus autumn shrimp breeding parents. Therefore, the overwintering breeding survival rate of the Marsupenaeus japonicus autumn shrimps is effectively improved.

The invention provides a special compound feed for mixed culture of shrimps and crabs. the special compound feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-8 parts of imported fish powder, 10-20 parts of domestic fish powder, 15-25 parts of peanut meal, 15-25 parts of bean pulp, 3-7 parts of meat-bone powder, 2-6 parts of cuttlefish paste, 3-6 parts of crab shell powder, 18-28 parts of high-strength flour, 1-3 parts of phospholipids, 0.5-2 parts of fish oil, 0.5-2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.02-0.03 part of chitin, 0.04-0.06 part of radix isatidis, 0.03-0.05 part of common andrographis herb and 0.03-0.04 part of radix bupleuri. After being eaten by shrimps and crabs, the special compound feed not only can supply necessary nutrition in the growth process of the shrimps and crabs, but also can promote the nutrition absorption of the shrimps and crabs, thereby preventing diseases of the shrimps and crabs; meanwhile, the special compound feed also has the function of promoting the shell growth and shelling of the shrimps and crabs.

The invention relates to a method for discriminating Chinese mitten crabs in different producing areas, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: fishing for the Chinese mitten crabs in different producing areas and then placing in a refrigerator for preservation; after thawing the crabs, taking the third ambulatory legs at the left sides of crab carapaces for element analysis,and then drying the third ambulatory legs in a drying oven to the constant weights; grinding dry samples by using agate mortars for homogenization, and then placing in the drying oven at room temperature; weighing and placing the dry samples into a digestion pipe, and adding concentrated nitric acid to the digestion pipe for digesting the dry samples; transferring the digested samples into a quantitating bottle, and then determining the volume of the samples by using pure water to obtain a solution to be measured; measuring the concentration values of trace elements in the solution to be measured and calculating the corresponding concentration values in the third ambulatory leg dry samples of the Chinese mitten crabs. The analysis method in the invention has reliability and favorable precision, and can effectively discriminate Chinese mitten crab crowds respectively produced in the Jiangsu Yangcheng Lake, the Yong Lake, the Changdang Lake and the Jiangxi Junshan Lake and establish a specific trace element geographical fingerprint library and a discrimination function equation of the Chinese mitten crabs in various areas.

The invention discloses a medicine for treating acute and chronic rhinitis and sinusitis which comprises the raw materials based on the parts by weight: 2-6 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 2-6 parts of white gourd kernels, 2-6 parts of pericarpium trichosanthis, 2-5 parts of hawksbill carapace, 3-8 parts of herba lycopi, 1-5 parts of cordate houttuynia, 2-6 parts chastetree fruit, 0.3-0.8 partof fructus gleditsiae, 1-4 parts of centipeda minima, 0.5-1.5 parts of asarum heterotropoides, 3-8 parts of fried fructus xanthii, 3-9 parts of biond magnolia flower, 2-6 parts of angelica anomala, 3-8 parts of north ligusticum, 2-6 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 2-6 parts of flos chrysanthemi indici, 3-8 parts of szechuan lovage rhizome and 1-5 parts of liquorice. The medicine selects the rawmaterials with unique and reasonable mixture ratio, and has the effects of dispelling wind and heat, clearing away heat and toxic material, promoting diuresis, nourishing lung and promoting the restoration consciousness as well as relieving pain of brain and eyes, thus effectively treating symptoms such as rhinobyon, yellow thick nasal mucus, headache, dizziness, hypomnesis and the like caused bythe acute and chronic rhinitis and sinusitis.

The invention relates to the technical field of aquatic product processing, and in particular relates to a dried salted marine eel treatment process which comprises the following steps of: (1) carrying out pretreatment; (2) pickling; (3) drying in cold air at a low temperature; (4) improving the fragrance in hot air at a high temperature; and (5) packaging, wherein the step of carrying out pretreatment specifically comprises the following steps of: removing the head, the tail, the gill and the viscus of fresh marine eel, subsequently splitting along chine, scrubbing the whole body of the marine eel by using a mucus remover which is prepared by mixing salt, starch and ground pepper, so as to remove the mucus on the skin of the marine eel, and the mucus remover is shown in the specification; and the step of pickling specifically comprises the following steps of: soaking the marine eel after the pretreatment into a pickling liquid which is prepared by mixing 3-5% of trehalose, 5-10% of salt, 0.2-0.5% of sodium succinate, 0.2-0.5% of carapace and the balance of purple perilla water, pickling for 30-60 minutes under a vacuum condition, and subsequently taking out and draining off so as to obtain the dried salted marine eel. By utilizing the process, the time for soaking and pickling is greatly shortened, the original nutrition facts of the marine eel are relatively completely maintained, and the finally prepared dried salted marine eel is moderate in salt degree, and is all good in taste, favor and sensory quality.

The invention discloses a method for producing canned crab meat. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) cleaning raw material crabs, blanching the cleaned raw material crabs at low temperature; (2) cooling the raw material crabs which are blanched at low temperature, and breaking crab carapaces to take crab meat; (3) boiling the taken crab meat until the crab meat is cooked; (4) cooling the cooked crab meat, canning and sealing; and (5) sterilizing the sealed crab meat, and cooling to obtain the canned crab meat serving as a finished product. According to the method, the crab meat is taken by a low-temperature blanching process, so that the crab meat is subjected to sterilized heat treatment, and also has delicious flavor and palatable elasticity. The crab meat is immersed by using a mixed solution of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and citric acid and is boiled until the crab meat is cooked, so that the problem of the blue-changing of the crab meat in the processing process is solved effectively; and due to the adoption of a three-stage mild sterilization method, the problem of non-uniform sterilization caused by direct steam heating and non-uniform air temperature in the conventional can sterilization process is solved, and the phenomenon of deformation of cans in the high-pressure sterilization process is avoided.

A process for preparing fresh uncooked crustaceans such as crawfish, lobster, crab, and shrimp for shipment to consumers in a frozen state. The process includes a washing process, by submerging the crustaceans in a few inches of clean running water, treating with ozone introduction of a preservative and bactericide while under a vacuum, spray coating a seasoning, thereon and quick freezing, and then packaging in bulk or individualized cook and serve containers.

The invention discloses a method for calculating the flexural capacity of a variable cross-section column. The method comprises the following steps: S1, calculating and determining a hoop coefficienttheta of a component; and S2, substituting the parameters into a formula to solve the ultimate flexural capacity. The influence of the corrugated plates, the area conversion of the irregular concretesection, the enhancement of the structural constraint effect and other factors are considered, the steel pipe, the corrugated plates and the concrete can be synergistically stressed under the pure bending load, the overall working performance of the combined column is good, and the deflection and cracks of the combined column can be effectively controlled; and the influence of the concrete strength grade on the flexural capacity of the component under the pure bending load is small. The mean value of the ratio of the crustacean column flexural capacity obtained through a calculation formula tothe ultimate bending moment obtained through finite element analysis is 0.999, the variance is 0.009, and the flexural capacity of the crustacean column can be accurately calculated.

The invention discloses an effect promoting agent for improving foliar fertilizer effect and a preparation method of the effect promoting agent. The effect promoting agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: triacontanol, lobed kudzuvine root branches and leaves, sodium acetate, betaine, carapax trionycis, shell, rice bran, EM bacteria, goat manure, aluminium sulphate, 65 to 75 percent ethanol solution, a plant additive and a proper amount of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: performing fermentation treatment on shells of mollusk, so as to obtain carapace substance richly contained in the shells, which is beneficial to the growth of crops, adding a proper amount of ethanol for extracting active ingredients after the completion of fermentation, and then performing vacuum concentration. The effect promoting agent has the effect of promoting the effect of foliar fertilizer, increases the utilization of foliar fertilizer, is rapid in effect and good in effect, has certain pest-resistant ability through the plant additive, reduces sprayed pesticide, and ensures that agricultural products are healthier.

The invention relates to a wood-plastic composite floor. A preparation method of the wood-plastic composite floor comprises the following steps of taking wood materials according to proportions, mixing well, drying the wood mixture at a temperature of 80 to 120 DEG C until water content of the wood mixture is below 2.5%, crushing the dried wood mixture by a crusher until particle sizes of the dried wood mixture are in a range of 50 to 90 meshes, removing impurities in thermoplastic materials, carrying out mixing and fusion of the thermoplastic materials without impurities, adding the wood mixture powder, a surface treatment agent and an adsorbent into the thermoplastic materials obtained by the previous step, mixing fully, and carrying out plastic preparation processes such as sheet drawing, lamination and the like to obtain a finished wood-plastic composite floor. The wood materials comprise wood granules and at least two of rice husks, carapaces and straws, wherein a weight part ratio of the wood granules to the at least two of rice husks, carapaces and straws is (1 to 2): (0.5 to 1): (0.5 to 1). The wood materials composed of multiple materials are adopted by the preparation method of the wood-plastic composite floor so that long and short fiber defects are overcome. Chitin added in the wood-plastic composite floor can absorb moisture of air to change into sticky paste so that the coherence of materials is improved. The preparation method of the wood-plastic composite floor reduces use amounts of auxiliary agents. The wood-plastic composite floor prepared by the preparation method has similar performances with a wood-plastic material prepared from a single wood material, is environmentally friendly and has a low cost.

The invention provides an Oncorhynchus mykiss forage. The Oncorhynchus mykiss forage comprises 18-24 parts of fishmeal, 35-45 parts of meat and internal organs of fish, 5-7 parts of a shell-fish paste, 20-25 parts of cottonseed meal, 3-5 parts of wheat flour, 2-3 parts of vinasse, 1-2 parts of multiple vitamins and 2-3 parts of corn oil. The Oncorhynchus mykiss forage has the advantages of carrying of nutrient components suitable for adult Oncorhynchus mykiss, balanced energy and proteins, and high forage conversion rate.

The invention discloses an indoor manually controlled directional mating method of portunids, which can be used for propagation and cross breeding of portunids. In this method, an indoor cement pit is divided into a plurality of enclosures of 1-3 square meters by a 20-mesh straight net; portunids that weigh more than 180 grams are moved into the enclosures from an outdoor artificial cultivation pond. One male portunid and 1-3 female portunids are put into every enclosure, water exchange, air inflation and bait casting are carried out at a definite time. After the female portunids cast off a skin, the mating can be carried out, and after successful mating, the female portunids can be numbered on the carapaces. By using this method, the mating rate of portunids is higher than 80%, the wintering survival rate reaches 80%, and every portunid can hatch 600, 000 larvae in average.

A fish bait (or forage) for the hunting fish is a C-shaped (or S-shaped) strip or sheet, which features that when it is eaten by fish, its curve center is easily broken to generate vibration waves, when it is floating on water surface, it can irregularly swing due to the water waves, and when it is sinking in water, its sinking route is an irregular curve, so it can attract fish.

The invention discloses a pharmaceutical composition for treating leukemia or aplastic anemia, and the pharmaceutical composition comprises American ginseng, Chinese caterpillar fungus, dragon's blood, pangolin scales, musk, bezoar, pearl, Hawksbill Carapace, palourde powder, prepared nux vomica, toad venom, toad skin and the like. The pharmaceutical composition is mainly used for treating various types of acute and chronic leukemia, aplastic anemia and thrombocytopenia. The pharmaceutical composition has the effects of clearing heat-toxin, promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, stopping bleeding, promoting production of blood and activating hematopoietic function. Furthermore, the pharmaceutical composition has the advantages of convenient administration, easy absorption, rapid onset of action, good effect, low cost, no toxicity or side effects and the like.