147results about "Bromine" patented technology

A process for converting gaseous alkanes to olefins and liquid hydrocarbons wherein a gaseous feed containing alkanes is reacted with a dry bromine vapor to form alkyl bromides and hydrobromic acid vapor. The mixture of alkyl bromides and hydrobromic acid are then reacted over a synthetic crystalline alumino-silicate catalyst, such as an X or Y type zeolite, at a temperature of from about 250° C. to about 500° C. so as to form olefins, higher molecular weight hydrocarbons and hydrobromic acid vapor. Various methods are disclosed to remove the hydrobromic acid vapor from the higher molecular weight hydrocarbons and to generate bromine from the hydrobromic acid for use in the process.

A process for converting gaseous alkanes to olefins, higher molecular weight hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof wherein a gaseous feed containing alkanes is thermally reacted with a dry bromine vapor to form alkyl bromides and hydrogen bromide. Poly-brominated alkanes present in the alkyl bromides are further reacted with methane over a suitable catalyst to form mono-brominated species. The mixture of alkyl bromides and hydrogen bromide is then reacted over a suitable catalyst at a temperature sufficient to form olefins, higher molecular weight hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof and hydrogen bromide. Various methods are disclosed to remove the hydrogen bromide from the higher molecular weight hydrocarbons, to generate bromine from the hydrogen bromide for use in the process, and to selectively form mono-brominated alkanes in the bromination step.

A method comprising: providing a halogen stream; providing an alkane stream; providing a decoking agent; and reacting at least a portion of the halogen stream with at least a portion of the alkane stream in the presence of a halogenation catalyst and the decoking agent to form a halogenated stream.

A method comprising: providing an alkyl halide stream; contacting at least some of the alkyl halides with a coupling catalyst to form a product stream comprising higher hydrocarbons and hydrogen halide; contacting the product stream with a solid reactant to remove at least a portion of the hydrogen halide from the product stream; and reacting the solid reactant with a source of oxygen to generate a corresponding halogen.

A process for converting gaseous alkanes to olefins, higher molecular weight hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof wherein a gaseous feed containing alkanes is reacted with a dry bromine vapor to form alkyl bromides and hydrobromic acid vapor. The mixture of alkyl bromides and hydrobromic acid is then reacted over a suitable catalyst at a temperature sufficient to form olefins, higher molecular weight hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof and hydrobromic acid vapor. Various methods are disclosed to remove the hydrobromic acid vapor from the higher molecular weight hydrocarbons, to generate bromine from the hydrobromic acid for use in the process, and to selectively form monobrominated alkanes in the bromination step.

A process is provided for separating one or more light gases from bromine or chlorine using one or more physical separations and contact with a chemical scrubber to recover additional halogen. In one aspect, the process comprises (a) providing a feed of halogen containing one or more light gases to a distillation column or flash vaporizer; (b) operating the distillation column or flash vaporizer to separate the feed into (i) a first liquid containing a major amount of halogen and no more than a minor amount of light gas(es), and (ii) a first vapor containing a major amount of light gas(es) and no more than a minor amount of halogen; and (c) providing the vapor to a chemical scrubber to recover halogen from the vapor.

The invention discloses a method for extracting bromine from a bromine-containing solution. The method comprises the following steps: 1) acidifying the bromine-containing solution, and oxidizing; 2) carrying out extraction operation on the oxidized mixed solution in the step 1); 3) carrying out back extraction operation on the bromine-containing extraction organic phase obtained in the step 2); and 4) acidifying the back extraction solution obtained in the step 3) to precipitate bromine, thereby obtaining the simple substance bromine. By adopting the oxidization-extraction process, the method has the advantages of high extraction rate, simple equipment, low energy consumption and the like; the bromine extraction rate reaches 98% or above; and the extractant can be recovered.

A process, composition and apparatus for the removal of impurities from corrosive gases, particularly halogen-containing gases, down to about 100 ppb concentration are described. The critical component is zirconia (ZrO₂), which in a variety of physical forms is capable of dehydrating such gases. The zirconia can be in the form of a coating on a substrate, as a granular bulk material, or deposited within the pores of a porous body. The zirconia is retained in a simple container which is easily installed in a gas supply line, such as to a gas- or vapor-deposition manufacturing unit. The purification process can be operated for long periods of time in the presence of these gases. The invention provides final purification to gas streams intended for gas- or vapor-deposition formation of high purity electronic, prosthetic or similar products, and can be used in combination with a preliminary dehydration process or a solid particulate removal unit upstream.

The invention belongs to the technical field of bromine production processes, and provides a method for extracting bromine from brine. The brine is sequentially subjected to an acidizing and oxidizing step, a blowout step, an enriching step, a distilling step and a separating step to extract bromine. The method is simple and convenient to operate, the acidizing efficiency is improved, energy saving and emission reducing are achieved, the requirement for environment protection is met, and cost is reduced. The utilization rate of chlorine is increased, chlorine is saved, and raw material consumption is reduced.

Processes for forming carbon disulfide from a gas stream containing hydrogen sulfide. A gaseous stream comprising lower molecular weight alkanes and hydrogen sulfide may be contacted with sufficient bromine at a temperature of from about 250° C. to about 530° C. to convert substantially all of said hydrogen sulfide to carbon disulfide. The gaseous stream may contain from about 0.001 to about 20 mol % hydrogen sulfide. The molar ratio of bromine to hydrogen sulfide may be about 2:1.

The invention discloses an efficient seawater desalination and comprehensive utilization method. The efficient seawater desalination and comprehensive utilization method comprise following steps: carrying out pretreatment on raw seawater, filtering using a microfiltration and/or ultrafiltration device to obtain pretreated seawater; adding a scale inhibitor into the pretreated seawater; pressurizing and conveying the pretreated seawater into a primary nanofiltration device; adjusting the pH value of obtained primary nanofiltration produced water to 3-7, pressurizing and feeding into a secondarynanofiltration device; mixing obtained primary nanofiltration concentrated water with obtained secondary nanofiltration concentrated water; adding a precipitant to react with SO4<2-> in an obtained concentrated water mixed solution to generate calcium sulfate precipitate; continuously adding lime emulsion into an obtained reacted mother liquor to react with Mg<2+> in the mother liquor to generatemagnesium hydroxide precipitate, adjusting the pH value of the residual mother liquor to 7-8, producing sodium chloride and calcium chloride through multi-effect evaporation, adjusting the pH value of obtained secondary nanofiltration produced water to 6.5-7.8, and pressurizing and introducing the secondary nanofiltration produced water into a reverse osmosis seawater desalination device. According to the efficient seawater desalination and comprehensive utilization method, seawater grading pretreatment process is adopted, the component difference of various concentrated water is fully utilized, seawater desalination and the chemical technology are combined, and the fresh water yield and the seawater utilization rate are increased.

The invention provides an LNG cold energy seawater desalination and concentrated saltwater comprehensive utilization technology. The technology comprises the following steps: taking seawater/industrial wastewater, which contains sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, potassium chloride, sodium bromide, and magnesium chloride, as the raw material, carrying out a desalination treatment to obtain fresh water and concentrated saltwater; preparing bromine and de-brominated concentrated saltwater from concentrated saltwater through an air blowing method; adding caustic soda and sodium carbonate into de-brominated concentrated saltwater to produce magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, and refined bittern; freezing refined bittern by LNG cold energy to produce sodium sulfate decahydrate and desulfurized mother liquor at a freezing temperature of -4 to -30 DEG C; subjecting the desulfurized mother liquor to high temperature evaporation at a temperature of 90 to 150 DEG C to produce sodium chloride and salt making mother liquor, delivering the sodium chloride to offshore caisson for creating marine reclamation land, subjecting the salt making mother liquor to low temperature evaporation at a temperature of 20 to 60 DEG C so as to produce potassium chloride and potassium salt mother liquor, and returning the potassium salt mother liquor to the refined bittern. The procedure and cold energy are reasonably utilized, the additional value of product is increased, the production cost and energy consumption are low, and the technology can be used to desalinate seawater in a large scale.

The invention provides a method for recovering bromine from bromine-containing wastewater in production of brominated aniline, and the method comprises the following steps: a primary extraction step:absorbing bromide ions in the bromine-containing wastewater by using an organic extractant to obtain a primary extraction solution; a separation step: separating the primary extraction liquid to obtain a primary extraction phase and primary raffinate; and a reverse extraction step: absorbing the bromide ions in the primary extraction phase by using an alkaline substance to obtain a regenerated extracting agent and a bromide salt solution. The method is simple in technological process, free of dangerous links such as high temperature and high pressure in the whole process, free of toxic and harmful gases and new three wastes and environmentally friendly, and the bromide ions in the wastewater can be effectively recycled; furthermore, the method provided by the invention has low requirementson wastewater, corrosion resistance and automation of equipment, so that the operation cost is relatively low, and the method is suitable for industrial treatment.