The invention discloses a data integration and exchange platform based on an SOA. An ESB system architecture is adopted in the platform and is divided into six subsystems in total, and the six subsystems are a front end unified entry subsystem, an ESB core agent subsystem, a provider adapter subsystem, a service registration and management subsystem, an ESB monitoring and management subsystem and a file transmission subsystem. The whole strategic positioning is definite, all the subsystems cooperate on the premise of independent construction, and information isolated islands among systems are avoided; service-oriented system integration and fault isolation are achieved, normal operation of other systems is not affected if one system breaks down, and system stability and expandability are fully improved. The problem that server loads are too large is solved, and stable operation of a website is ensured; system stability is high, the requirement for large service volume processing speed and the handling capacity of clients is met, and user experience is good; inside and outside network channels get through completely, and repeated development of the same interfaces is avoided.