The invention discloses a system and a method for managing a medical waste internet of things. The system comprises a medical waste generation source unit, a health department unit, a medical waste transportation unit, a medical waste disposing unit, a medical waste supervising unit, a cloud platform, a video monitoring unit, a prewarning system and a statistic analysis system; the medical waste generation source unit, the medical waste transportation unit and the medical waste disposing unit all transmit information to the cloud platform so as to realize supervision of medical waste information; and when the cloud platform detects errors, signals are output to the prewarning system. The method comprises the following steps: medical wastes are transported to a temporary storage warehouse, a disposing temporary storage warehouse and a disposing room from a temporary storage point in sequence; and meanwhile, in the medical waste transportation process, information of the medical wastes and staff information are identified to prevent the mixing or missing phenomenon of the medical wastes. The system and the method realize acquisition of information in each phase of medical waste disposing, prevent the missing or mixing phenomenon of the medical wastes caused by human factors, and realize dynamic supervision of the medical wastes through the internet of things.