The invention discloses a peer-to-peer network bottom communication system for simulating biological neural morphology, which comprises the following three parts: block chain node initialization, peer-to-peer network heartbeat monitoring and bottom communication: firstly, generating a block chain address system and designing an intelligent contract grading system; monitoring the heartbeat of the peer-to-peer network, enabling nodes in the alliance chain to actively send node states, enabling the nodes in the alliance chain to update the states of other nodes, and monitoring the state of any node in the chain in real time; wherein the bottom communication comprises in-chain communication, namely monitoring the network state of a receiver node, if a UDP data packet is directly sent online, performing cross-chain communication, executing a communication contract by a sender, addressing a receiver alliance chain according to frequency, executing an intelligent contract by the sender afteraddressing is successful, and sending the data packet to the receiver. According to the working principle of a biological nerve system, a heartbeat monitoring, bottom communication and perception reflection system of a super-large-scale peer-to-peer network is established, and the block chain addressing efficiency, the data transmission efficiency and the safety can be effectively improved.