The invention relates to a method for improving machining accuracy of internal honing wheel strong gear honing. The method comprises the following steps that 1, according to an internal honing wheel strong gear honing technology of a machined gear, the gear honing process parameters influencing the gear machining accuracy are extracted, the gear honing process parameter combination is designed, the gear honing machining experiment is conducted, and the tooth surface outline error indexes of the machined gear are obtained; 2, according to the gear honing process parameter combination and the tooth surface outline error indexes of the machined gear, the mathematical model of the tooth surface outline error is constructed through the response surface nonlinear fitting method; 3, on the basis of the anticipated machining precision value corresponding to each tooth surface outline error index, the weight ratio is applied to each tooth surface outline error model, and the tooth surface comprehensive outline error mathematical model is constructed; and 4, based on the artificial immune clone selection algorithm, the gear honing process parameters are optimized, and the optimal honing process parameters are obtained. According to the method, the machining accuracy of the internal honing wheel strong gear honing is improved, and the theoretical basis is provided for the practical selection of the internal honing wheel strong gear honing process parameters and the improvement of the gear precision.