The invention provides a robot for assisting in a nasal endoscopic surgery. The robot comprises a self-adaption guide rail adaptation mechanism matched with a guide rail, a position coarse-adjustment mechanism and a pose fine-adjustment mechanism, wherein the self-adaption guide rail adaptation mechanism comprises a fixing piece arranged on the inner side of the guide rail, a connection piece arranged outside the guide rail and a fastener for connecting and fixing the fixing piece and the connection piece; the position coarse-adjustment mechanism comprises a first supporting arm, a first rotating joint, a first beam, a second supporting arm, a second rotating joint, a second beam and a parallel four-rod mechanism, the first supporting arm, the first rotating joint, the first beam, the second supporting arm, the second rotating joint, the second beam and the parallel four-rod mechanism are sequentially connected, and the first supporting arm is connected with the connection piece; the pose fine-adjustment mechanism comprises three ball joints, a driving piece and a clamping piece for clamping a nasal endoscope, and the parallel four-rod mechanism, the three ball joints, the driving piece and the clamping piece are sequentially connected. The robot is simple in structure, convenient to adjust, high in stability, safe and reliable.