The invention provides an electromagnetic actuator. A coil (451,452) generates a magnetic flux (Phi 1) in the opposite direction of either of first and second permanent magnets (521,522) so as to reduce magnetic attraction for attracting corresponding plunger pistons (651,652). First and second advance springs (761,762) operate in an advance direction through push force; when the coil (451,452) is powered on, either of a first/second pin (601,602) on the side with smaller magnetic attraction is used as an operation side limiting pin. When the corresponding plunger pistons (651,652) are attracted to a preset distance of corresponding permanent magnets (521,522), obstruction components (591,592) and the corresponding plunger pistons (651,652) are in contact to resist backstep. A resistance push portion (581,582) applies a resistive load in the direction of resisting permanent magnet attraction to the obstruction components (591,592). A load adjusting portion (571,572) can adjust the resistive load of the resistance push portion (581,582).