The present application relates to the technical fields of
machine vision detection and intelligent
image processing, and discloses a track defect intelligent identification method based on
machine vision. Through the pixel coordinate
system with the upper left corner as the origin, combined with the line gray accumulation and the maximum projection automatic positioning track center, the interested region is dynamically intercepted, and the
background noise and the calculation amount are effectively reduced. For the region, multi-angle
equidistant projection is adopted, the pixels are mapped into one-dimensional sequence, and the response to various types of strips and slender defects is improved. Each projection sequence is fitted by quadratic trend, the maximum residual error is used to construct a comprehensive residual image, and the defect
signal is strengthened. The scheme uses statistical quantity to adaptively determine the threshold, combines the four-neighbor connected domain extraction and the dynamic area threshold, and removes the small
noise domain. The boundary, main direction, length and severity of the remaining connected domain are extracted and mapped back to the original image, so that efficient, accurate and automatic track defect intelligent identification is realized.