The highway vehicle-mounted ETC protocol monitoring device comprises an uplink OBU monitoring antenna, a downlink RSU monitoring antenna, a 4G antenna, an uplink OBU monitoring variable attenuator, a downlink RSU variable attenuator, a
radio frequency cable, an uplink ETC protocol analysis circuit, a downlink ETC protocol analysis circuit, a main
control circuit, a power supply circuit, a 4G
radio frequency connecting line, a wheel speed
encoder and an ETC protocol monitoring module. According to the invention, real-time monitoring of ETC communication process data of a
toll station and a portal
system under a normal traffic environment of a highway without stopping or closing the highway can be realized, key indexes and parameters, such as air
transaction time, frame communication time, frame data, transaction position and the like, can be analyzed, the monitored data can be further analyzed and evaluated, problem positioning can be carried out on ETC transaction failure conditions possibly caused by vulnerabilities or defects of RSU hardware and lane and
portal frame software, and a technical basis and a solution method are provided for stable operation and
scientific management and maintenance of ETC.