This invention discloses a recombinant *
Escherichia coli* strain that synergistically enhances the synthesis efficiency of β-
elemene based on liquid-
liquid phase separation, temporal regulation, and dynamic multi-
enzyme assembly, and its application in β-
elemene biosynthesis. In the recombinant *E. coli* strain, a stable covalent dual-
enzyme complex of IspA and GAS is first constructed using a SnoopTag / SnoopCatcher
system, and the upstream key
enzyme IDI is further introduced. Simultaneously, the RGGRGG
repeat sequence, capable of forming membrane-free droplets, is used as a phase separation
scaffold, with an SH3 ligand fused to its N-terminus. The SH3 domain is then linked to the C-terminus of both the IspA-GAS
enzyme complex and IDI. Through the specific interaction of the SH3 ligand / SH3 domain, the key enzyme is directionally recruited and spatially enriched into the aggregates. A temporal regulation strategy is also introduced: the expression of the IspA-GAS
enzyme complex and IDI is first induced by IPTG, followed by delayed induction of RGGRGG aggregate expression, thus recruiting the already formed
enzyme complex into the aggregates. This invention not only reduces the amount of
glycerol used and improves the
glycerol conversion rate, but also increases the yield of β-
elemene.