77results about "Error correction/detection using block single space coding" patented technology

A method includes receiving a bit string at a processor, performing an error correction, and causing transmission of a modulated signal. The error correction includes identifying a set of binary strings based on the bit string, mapping each binary string from the set of binary strings to a first abelian group element from a set of first abelian group elements, and applying a generalization of polar codes to the set of first abelian group elements to produce a set of second abelian group elements. The error correction also includes mapping each of the second abelian group elements to an in-phase / quadrature (I / Q) point from a set of I / Q points and identifying real-valued points based on the set of I / Q points, each of the real-valued points representing an I / Q point from the set of I / Q points. The modulated signal has a modulation that is based on the real-valued points.

In an alignment marker search method, a first module receives a first data stream, where the first data stream is obtained by multiplexing a plurality of second data streams at a reference granularity, any second data stream includes an AM and data from at least one FEC codeword, and the reference granularity is a quantity of bits corresponding to n symbols included in the FEC codeword; obtains a first data segment from a first location in the first data stream at the reference granularity; and performs AM search on the first data segment. The reference granularity is the quantity of bits corresponding to the n symbols. Therefore, when a burst bit error occurs in the first data stream, a quantity of symbols affected by the burst bit error is small.

There is disclosed a method of operating a transmitting radio node in a wireless communication network. The method includes transmitting data signaling utilising a plurality of transmission sources, wherein the data signaling represents a plurality of code blocks. Modulation symbols of a modulation symbol sequence are mapped to the plurality of transmission sources in c-tuples, the modulation symbol sequence representing the plurality of code blocks in which c is dependent on the modulation used for transmitting the signaling. The disclosure also pertains to related devices and methods.

A transmitter includes: an input configured to receive, via an electrical interface, encoded data from a host device, the encoded data being encoded at the host device according to a first code; processing circuitry configured to process the encoded data to provide processed data; an encoder configured to encode the processed data according to a second code that is different than the first code, where encoding the processed data includes concatenating one or more parity bits to the processed data to provide forward error correction (FEC) blocks of data; and transmit circuitry to transmit the FEC data over an optical medium.

The invention discloses a data transmission method, a data transmission device and a data transmission system, which are used for reducing error correction processing time delay in a core particle interconnection system and improving data transmission efficiency. Before a sending end sends data, processing such as ECC coding, interleaving and PAM-N coding of single-bit error correction is carried out on original data, after a receiving end receives the data, processing such as PAM-N decoding, de-interleaving and ECC decoding of single-bit error correction is carried out on the data, and the original data is recovered. According to the invention, error correction can be carried out by using a single-bit error correction technology in the core particle interconnection system, and compared with a multi-bit error correction technology or a retransmission technology, lower time delay and smaller area power consumption can be realized.

The invention discloses a polar code coding method and device, relates to the technical field of communication, and aims at enabling different numbers of information bit sequences to construct polar codes based on the same reliability sequence and a first matrix, reducing the hardware complexity and improving the decoding performance. The method comprises the steps of mapping an information bit sequence with the length of k to k bits of a first sequence with the length of N according to a reliability sequence with the length of N to obtain a second sequence comprising k information bits, x PC bits and N-k-x frozen bits, multiplying the second sequence by a first matrix to obtain a third sequence, and performing polarization coding to obtain a fourth sequence. K < = K < = N, 1 < = x, K is the maximum value of the length of the information bit sequence, k, K, N and x are positive integers, all the parts below the diagonal lines of the first matrix are 0, all the diagonal lines are 1, the column weight of the column corresponding to the PC bit in the first matrix is greater than 1, the column weight of the column corresponding to the frozen bit or the information bit is equal to 1, and the number of the columns with the column weight greater than 1 is smaller than or equal to N-K.

A method includes: obtaining a first sequence, where the first sequence includes T first subsequences; determining T encoding vectors based on the T first subsequences; generating T second subsequences based on one or more codebooks and the T encoding vectors, where each first subsequence corresponds to one column vector group in the one or more codebooks, and a column vector group corresponding to at least one of the T first subsequences includes at least two column vectors; and sending the T second subsequences.

This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and discloses an alignment marker search method and apparatus, a system, and a computer-readable storage medium. The method includes: A first module receives a first data stream, where the first data stream is obtained by multiplexing a plurality of second data streams at a reference granularity, any second data stream includes an AM and data from at least one FEC codeword, and the reference granularity is a quantity of bits corresponding to n symbols included in the FEC codeword; obtains a first data segment from a first location in the first data stream at the reference granularity, and performs AM search on the first data segment. In the method, the reference granularity is the quantity of bits corresponding to the n symbols. Therefore, when a burst bit error occurs in the first data stream, a quantity of symbols affected by the burst bit error is small. In comparison with a data stream obtained through bit multiplexing, the first data stream in this method has higher tolerance to the burst bit error.

This application provides a rate matching method, a de-rate matching method, and a communication apparatus. The method includes: The communication apparatus determines a second position set based on a first position set. The first position set is an initial position set corresponding to a bit to be deleted during rate matching, and the second position set is a bit position set corresponding to an information bit in a to-be-encoded sequence. The communication apparatus performs rate matching on a first bit sequence to obtain a second bit sequence. The first bit sequence is obtained by performing channel encoding on the to-be-encoded sequence based on the second position set, the second bit sequence corresponds to a bit position other than a third position set in the first bit sequence, and a bit position in the third position set is a bit position obtained when a bit position in the first position set in the first bit sequence is converted in one or more of cyclic shift, mirror reversal, or segmented cyclic shift. The communication apparatus sends the second bit sequence. In this way, rate matching complexity can be reduced.

The invention relates to the transmission and reception of non-binary error-correcting codewords. The transmission method comprises a first modulation (56) that implements a set of q sequences comprising q-1 sequences of q-1 fragments, each sequence being obtained by circular shifting a basic pseudo-random sequence, and a partially invariant sequence, invariant under a predetermined subset of circular shifts. The first modulation (56) further implements an association between each codeword symbol and a sequence from the set of sequences in which, said finite field GFq having a non-zero primitive element, the zero symbol is associated with said partially invariant sequence and a symbol equal to a power j of the primitive element, j being an integer between 0 and q-2, is associated with a pseudo-random sequence determined by j circular shifts of the basic pseudo-random sequence.

Embodiments of the invention provide a decoder for decoding a signal received through a transmission channel in a communication system, said signal comprising a vector of information symbols, wherein the decoder comprises: - a processing unit (307) configured to determine at least one candidate set of division parameters and to perform a division of said vector of information symbols into a set of sub-vectors in association with each candidate set of division parameters, each pair of sub-vectors being associated with a division metric; - a selection unit (309) configured to select one of said candidate sets of division parameters according to a selection criterion depending on said division metric; and - a decoding unit (311) configured to determine at least one estimate of each sub-vector associated with said selected set of division parameters by applying a symbol estimation algorithm, wherein the decoder is configured to determine at least one estimate of the vector of information symbols from said at least one estimate of each sub-vector of information symbols.

The present disclosure relates to a technology for decoding encoded data based on PME-HARQ. In accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a PME-HARQ-based data decoding device, comprising: at least one first decoding unit that performs successive cancellation-based decoding on PME-HARQ-based data; at least one second decoding unit that performs polar code permutation-based decoding on the PME-HARQ-based data; and a decoding result selection unit that selects one of decoding results of the first decoding unit and decoding results of the second decoding unit based on a reliability of the decoding results of the first decoding unit and a reliability of the decoding results of the second decoding unit.

This application discloses a modulation / demodulation and encoding / decoding method and belongs to the field of communication technologies. The modulation and encoding method includes: grading to-be-transmitted bits into a plurality of levels; encoding a plurality of levels of bits obtained through grading to obtain a plurality of levels of codewords; and mapping the plurality of levels of codewords to a symbol in a staggered manner, where the plurality of levels of codewords include a first codeword, the first codeword is located at a Yth level of the plurality of levels of codewords, and the first codeword overlaps at least one codeword at any level other than the Yth level. In this way, codewords at different levels are associated by using a symbol to which the codewords are mapped, and an overlapping part between a plurality of codewords can assist in demodulating the codewords.

This application discloses an Ethernet coding method and apparatus, to adapt to a scenario in which a higher transmission bit error rate is caused by a high bandwidth. The method includes: A transmit end encodes first to-be-encoded information by using a first forward error correction FEC codeword, to obtain first encoded data, where the first forward error correction FEC codeword is a Reed-Solomon forward error correction RS-FEC code; and the transmit end encodes the first encoded data by using a second FEC codeword, to obtain second encoded data, where a code length N and an information bit length K of the second FEC codeword satisfy the following formula: M1 ∗ NK≤M2 (I), where M1 is a throughput of the first encoded data, and M2 is a throughput of the second encoded data.

This invention relates to a codeword bit interleaving scheme for multi-layer transmission in a wireless communication system. The codeword bit interleaving scheme involves dividing the columns of an interleaving matrix into at least two separate column groups based on the transmission quality (e.g., SNR) of the data transmission layer (e.g., MIMO layer). Then, starting with writing information bits into the column group corresponding to the high-quality data transmission layer, the column group is filled with codeword bits. Afterwards, all column groups are merged to restore the initial column arrangement of the interleaving matrix, and codeword bits are read row by row from the interleaving matrix and mapped to modulation symbols. The modulation symbols are then mapped to the data transmission layer itself. By doing so, the information bits of the codewords can be allocated to the high-quality data transmission layer, thereby improving decoding performance.

A data processing method is provided. The method may be applied to the field of communication technologies, and the method includes: generating a check block, where the check block is determined based on first bit sequences respectively corresponding to a plurality of code blocks, the first bit sequence is a part of a second bit sequence, and the second bit sequence is an encoded bit sequence of the code block corresponding to the first bit sequence; and sending the check block and the code blocks. In this way, error correction performance is improved when assisting in code block recovery.

A signal transmitter encodes data bits into an index value that is included within the index values in Λ / rΛ, where Λ is a lattice. The signal transmitter modulates the index values into lattice points of a lattice group and converts each lattice point to a baseband in-phase / quadrature (I / Q) point. The signal transmitter transmits a signal that a a modulation based on the I / Q points and has a demodulated component to be decoded at a signal receiver to recover the data bits.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a wireless communication device may encode one or more information bits into a plurality of polar code sub-block outputs, identify one or more shaping bits for a first polar code sub-block output of the plurality of polar code sub-block outputs, and transmit a polar-coded codeword derived from at least the first polar code sub-block output and the second polar code sub-block output. In some aspects, a wireless communication device may identify one or more shaping bit subchannels, identify one or more information bit subchannels, and transmit one or more shaping bits in the one or more shaping bit subchannels and one or more information bits in the one or more information bit subchannels. Numerous other aspects are described.

A polar code encoding method and an apparatus are provided and relate to the field of communication technologies, to enable polar codes to be constructed based on a same reliability sequence and a same first matrix for sequences of different quantities of information bits, thereby reducing hardware complexity and improving decoding performance. The method includes: mapping, based on a reliability sequence whose length is N, an information bit sequence whose length is k to k bits of a first sequence whose length is N, to obtain a second sequence including k information bit positions, x PC bit positions, and N-k-x frozen bit positions; multiplying the second sequence by a first matrix to obtain a third sequence; and performing polar encoding to obtain a fourth sequence, where k≤K≤N, 1≤x, K is a maximum value of the length of the information bit sequence, k, K, N, and x are all positive integers, there are all 0s below a diagonal of the first matrix, and all 1s on the diagonal, a column weight of a column corresponding to the PC bit position in the first matrix is greater than 1, a column weight of a column corresponding to the frozen bit position or the information bit position is equal to 1, and a quantity of columns whose column weights are greater than 1 is less than or equal to N-K.

An encoding / decoding method and apparatus, and a data transmission method are provided, and relate to the field of communication technologies, to reduce a bit error rate during encoding / decoding using PAM3. The method includes: encoding to-be-encoded 3-bit data [A, B, C], to obtain a 4-bit encoded parity signal [S1, S2, S3, S4] that satisfies S1 = A • (B + C); generating a PAM3 signal in two UIs based on the 4-bit encoded parity signal, and sending the PAM3 signal; obtaining the PAM3 signal in the two UIs, and determining a 4-bit decoding parity signal based on the PAM3 signal in the two UIs; and decoding the 4-bit decoding parity signal based on preset decoding logic, to obtain the 3-bit data. The preset decoding logic can ensure that when a bit error in one UI occurs, a bit error occurs in a maximum of 2-bit data in 3-bit data obtained through decoding. In this case, in comparison with a bit error in a maximum of 3-bit data in a related technology, a bit error rate is low.

A correction value calculation method calculates correction values to correct the 2-phase sinusoidal signals (X, Y) output by the encoder, and includes: a polar coordinate calculation step for calculating, for N phase angles and the Lissajous radius corresponding to each phase angle in the Lissajous waveform drawn by the 2-phase sinusoidal signals, a squared radius, which is the square of the Lissajous radius corresponding to each phase angle; and a correction value calculation step for calculating, based on each phase angle and corresponding squared radius, at least a correction residual of an offset error of the signal X, a correction residual of an offset error of the signal Y, a correction residual of an amplitude ratio error of the signals X and Y, and a correction residual of a phase difference error between the signal X and the signal Y, and then calculating correction values based on the correction residuals.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a wireless communication device may obtain a phase vector. The wireless communication device may quantize the phase vector to obtain a bit vector comprising a set of sub-vectors. The wireless communication device may compress the bit vector, using one or more polar codes, to obtain a compressed vector, wherein the one or more polar codes are derived from a compression ratio of the compressed vector. The wireless communication device may transmit the compressed vector. Numerous other aspects are described.

Streams of data encoded by a plurality of OFEC encoders are merged and allocated among a plurality of optical subcarriers of an optical communication system having two polarization channels. Methods and apparatus are provided for performing the merging and allocating such that for each OFEC encoder of said OFEC encoder plurality, a same number of bits of encoded data is allocated to each subcarrier of the subcarrier plurality, and a same number of bits of encoded data is allocated to each of the two polarization channels.

In an example method, probabilistic constellation shaping (PCS) processing is performed on a first bit set in k bits, to obtain a second bit set. Forward error correction (FEC) encoding is performed on the second bit set and a third bit set in the k bits excluding the first bit set, to obtain a fourth bit set. The fourth bit set includes m0 first bit subsets, and each of the first bit subsets includes F0 bits. First interleaving processing is performed on the fourth bit set to obtain a fifth bit set. The fifth bit set includes m0 second bit subsets, each of the second bit subsets includes F0 bits, F0 / 2 bits in each of the second bit subsets are from the second bit set, and the other F0 / 2 bits in each of the second bit subsets are from the third bit set and / or parity bits of the FEC encoding.

An information bit determination method and a mapping relationship generation method for polar-coded modulation, and devices thereof are provided. The information bit determination method includes: providing a mapping relationship table for a predefined polar-coded modulation scheme, the mapping relationship table at least including target rates, modulation orders and first parameters of a polar code / component code under different MCS indices; determining the quantity of information bits in each polar code / component code in a target polar-coded modulation system in accordance with the mapping relationship table; and determining an information bit set corresponding to each polar code / component code in accordance with the quantity of information bits in each polar code / component code in the target polar-coded modulation system, the information bit set being used to indicate a set of positions of the information bits. According to the present application, a mapping relationship generation method and an information bit determination method for polar-coded modulation are provided independent of a channel state, so it is able to improve the flexibility and the practicability of the polar-coded modulation scheme.

The invention relates to the technical field of communication, and discloses a multi-step decoding judgment acceleration decoding method and device and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: for linear block code decoding based on a neural network learning algorithm, calculating a component addition of a multi-iteration decoding result as a selection basis of a learning rate; based on different code lengths, code rates and channel conditions, optimal adjustment of the weight of a neural network learning algorithm is realized by setting iterative decoding result component times and addition coefficients, so that the learning rate is improved. According to the method, component addition of multiple iterative decoding results is used as the basis of learning rate selection, optimal adjustment of neural network weights under different code lengths, code rates and different channel conditions is realized by setting the selection of the iterative decoding result component times and addition coefficients, and thus the training learning rate is improved.

Error-correcting performance of polar codes is improved by assigning parity check bits to small, reliable indices. Zeros are assigned to message indices not among a most-reliable set of the message indices, information bits and parity check bits are assigned to the most-reliable set of the message indices, with the parity check bits generated on the information bits assigned to the smallest of the most-reliable set and then assigned to the smallest indices of the most-reliable set that follow the information bits on which the parity check pits are generated. During successive cancellation list decoding, the parity check bits allow error events to be promptly corrected during decoding.

Apparatus, methods, and computer program products for wireless communication are provided. An example method may include receiving, from a network node, a transmission. The example method may further include decoding the transmission, where the transmission includes two or more repetitions of a polar codeword output portion in the transmission. The example method may further include detecting downlink control information (DCI) based on the two or more repetitions of the polar codeword output portion. The example method may further include communicating with the network node based on the DCI.

This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and discloses an alignment marker search method and apparatus, a system, and a computer-readable storage medium. The method includes: A first module receives a first data stream, where the first data stream is obtained by multiplexing a plurality of second data streams at a reference granularity, any second data stream includes an AM and data from at least one FEC codeword, and the reference granularity is a quantity of bits corresponding to n symbols included in the FEC codeword; obtains a first data segment from a first location in the first data stream at the reference granularity, and performs AM search on the first data segment. In the method, the reference granularity is the quantity of bits corresponding to the n symbols. Therefore, when a burst bit error occurs in the first data stream, a quantity of symbols affected by the burst bit error is small. In comparison with a data stream obtained through bit multiplexing, the first data stream in this method has higher tolerance to the burst bit error.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may transmit an indication of a multi-level coding (MLC) capability for uplink transmissions. The UE may receive a configuration of a selected MLC scheme associated with an uplink transmission, wherein the configuration of the selected MLC scheme is based at least in part on the indication of the MLC capability for the uplink transmissions. Numerous other aspects are described.