245 results about "24-bit" patented technology

Disclosed herein are example embodiments for Boarder Gateway Protocol (BGP) signaling in virtual private network (VPN) communications. For example, a first network element may encode Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) information in a Network Layer Reachability Information (NLRI) label field that is longer than 24 bits, and transmit a BGP update message comprising a BGP attribute to a second network element. The BGP attribute comprises the NLRI and a specific Subsequent Address Family Identifier (SAFI) value. The specific SAFI value signals to the second network element, upon reception of the BGP update message by the second network element, that the NLRI label field is more than 24 bits long.

A direct memory access (DMA) controller provides seven DMA channels configurable for a PC / AT compatible mode or an enhanced mode. In an enhanced mode of the DMA controller, three DMA master channels on a master DMA controller and a DMA channel on a slave DMA controller are individually configurable to be either 8-bit or 16-bit DMA channels. In addition, in the enhanced mode, a memory address can increment or decrement across a memory page boundary. The DMA controller includes a transfer count register selectively configured for 16-bit operation or 24-bit operation. The DMA controller also includes address generation logic selectively configured for 24-bit operation or 28-bit operation. In the PC / AT compatible mode, the DMA controller supports three 16-bit channels and four 8-bit channels. The DMA controller thus provides DMA channel width configurability.

A high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI) receiver recovers high speed encoded data which are transmitted differentially over data channels of a lossy cable, along with a clock. Inter symbol interference, high-frequency loss, skew between the clock and data channels, and differential skew within a differential signal are compensated by analog circuits which are automatically tuned for best performance by observing the quality of the recovered analog signal. Oversampling is used to provide a 24-bit digital representation of the analog signal for determining the quality of the signal. A corresponding method of deskewing a differential signal and a system and circuit therefor are also provided.

A combination CD-ROM and MP3 recorder / player playing a CD-ROM decodes 16-bit ISO standard code words into an audio wave form converts this wave form to sound while encoding and digitizing the wave form into 24-bit MP3 format digital data. To conserve power the MP3 data is buffered in a solid state memory, preferably of the FLASH or DRAM type, before being written to a hard disk. Both reading of the CD / ROM and encoding the read contents as MP3 data, and interchange of MP3 data with other recorder / players, can be accomplished at greater than real-time play rates, permitting that, most typically, some 1200+ musical works can transferred expediently.

Stable adaptive filter and method are disclosed. The invention solves a problem of instability associated with Fast Affine Projection adaptive filters caused by error accumulation in an inversion process of an auto-correlation matrix. The Stable FAP uses a simplification of setting a normalized step size close to unity and reduces a problem of the matrix inversion to solving a system of linear equations whose solution coincides with a first column of the inverse auto-correlation matrix. The system of linear equations is then solved by one of descending iterative methods which provide inherent stability of operation due to intrinsic feedback adjustment. As a result, inevitable numerical errors are not accumulated, being corrected as the process goes on. In first and second embodiments of the invention the system of linear equation is solved by steepest descent and conjugate gradient methods respectively. Being immune to numerical errors, the invented method and filter are suitable for various DSP platforms, e.g., 16 and 24 bit fixed-point as well as floating point platform.

A serial transmission protocol and architecture are provided that can be used to transmit uncompressed multimedia (e.g., video / audio / control data) over a high speed serial forward communication channel. A backward channel is also provided, for communicating control data. The protocol is implemented with a flexible packet format that supports all different modes of video data, and also supports 24 bit and 30 bit video data (or higher). An example application where the architecture and protocol can be used is a home entertainment multimedia system. A mechanism to implement EDID pass-through and protocols such as HDCP is also provided.

A serial transmission protocol and architecture are provided that can be used to transmit uncompressed multimedia (e.g., video / audio / control data) over a high speed serial forward communication channel. A backward channel is also provided, for communicating control data. The protocol is implemented with a flexible packet format that supports all different modes of video data, and also supports 24 bit and 30 bit video data (or higher). An example application where the architecture and protocol can be used is a home entertainment multimedia system. A mechanism to implement EDID pass-through and protocols such as HDCP is also provided.

The invention relates to a time-domain ground-air electromagnetic detection system and a calibration method, in particular to a system consisting of an induction signal recording device connected with a ground recording device global position system (GPS) synchronization unit, a closed abnormal ring and a data quality evaluation system, and a calibration method for the time-domain ground-air electromagnetic detection system. The closed abnormal ring and the induction signal recording device are adopted, the induction current and induction voltage are simultaneously recorded, and the 24-bit 200Hz sampling rate, a bandwidth of 0-13KHz and a dynamic range of an amplifier of 160dB are achieved. Moreover, the system is synchronous with a ground transmitter and an air receiver GPS, and during measurement, by removing earth background field data, a pure closed abnormal ring electromagnetic signal containing a geometric error is extracted, is input into the data quality evaluation system, andis compared and fitted with the computed closed abnormal ring theoretical value, the system error, the geometric parameter error and the detection resolution of the time-domain ground-air electromagnetic detection system are determined, and the performance of the electromagnetic detection system is tested and calibrated.

The invention is a method for measuring and processing a plurality of electrical parameters of a common alternating current (AC) service that supplies multiple different electrical devices such that the power use and total power used by each of multiple devices is determined. Sensors provide high resolution signals corresponding to the current and voltage of the AC power supplied to the service panel typical of those used in residential construction. Analog-to-digital conversion and processing circuits produce multiple electrical parameters with 16- to 24-bit resolution at a sampling rate sufficient to characterize rapid transitions. The electrical parameters change rapidly when electrical devices transition between on and off. These transitions are detected, measured, characterized, and stored. The transition characterizations of multiple on-off cycles are grouped and analyzed to produce unique transition characterizations for each device or set of devices that are essentially electrically identical. Once a device has been characterized, the method can determine in real time when each known device is turned on or off. Therefore the method can report on present and historical power usage of each known device, or set of essentially identical known devices.

The invention is characterized by the fact that an area sensor for outputting an analog signal responsive to the light reception amount of light of CMYG is used and when CMYG image data is converted into RGB image data, RGB image data having a domain also in negative values is generated without performing processing of putting the RGB image data into values of 0 or more, without decreasing the information amount of the CMYG image data. Further, the invention is characterized by the fact that when the image data is recorded in a file section 16 finally as a JPEG file, the pixel data of each color of YCbCr is represented as data type of eight bits and the information amount per pixel is 24 bits for recording more color information without increasing the memory capacity.

Methods, apparatus and systems for the display, on a remote node, of a three-dimensional (3D) image rendered on a host system in a first image format are described. In general, the 3D image is transformed into a second image format that is compressed (i.e., uses fewer data bits per pixel) relative to the first image format, (optionally) scaled to a screen size of remote node, and subsequently transferred to remote node for display. In instances, the transformation of the image from the first image format to the second image format and the optional scaling of the image to the screen size of remote node may be done in a graphics processing unit (GPU) on the host system. As an example, the first image format may be an RGB-based format, such as RGBA (32-bits per pixel) or standard RGB (24-bits per pixel) and the second image format may be a YUV-based format, such as YV12 (12-bits per pixel).

A clock data recovery and a serial-parallel conversion circuit based on over sampling for the receiver of a high speed serial transceiver comprise PLL module, a data space over sampling module, an edge detection and data recovery module, a judgment module, clock recovery module, a clock frequency-division module and a SerDes module. The data space over sampling module adopts the 16-phase equal-interval clock outputted by the PLL module to continuously sample the 24 bit data of 3 bytes, stores the sampled data in 16 groups of registers, and each group includes 24 registers. The corresponding bits of adjacent two groups of registers carry out OR operation to finish the edge detection, the detection results are added together in grouping mode, the fastest sampling clock corresponding to the group of data with the maximum distance value can be used as the recovery clock, the data sampled through the sampling clock can be used as recovery data, the sampling clock is performed with 8-fractional frequency to synchronize the bytes of the recovery data so as to finish the clock data recovery and serial-parallel conversion. The invention has clear structure, higher performance and reliable operation.

The invention discloses a method for identifying test paper, which comprises the steps of acquiring a color test paper image in a 24-bit bitmap format; compressing the color test paper image in the 24-bit bitmap format into a color test paper image in an 8-bit bitmap format; carrying out binarization processing on the color test paper image in the 8-bit bitmap format; acquiring a monochrome test paper image; introducing a test paper template; matching the monochrome test paper image with the test paper template; and extracting test paper information included in the monochrome test paper image. The invention further discloses a device for identifying the test paper, which comprises an image acquisition module, an image processing module, a template introducing module, an image matching module and an image information extracting module. The method and the device provided by the invention for identifying the test paper can identify the test paper accurately and effectively and obtain an accurate score of the test paper.

Methods and devices for compressing and uncompressing three color component graphics and / or digital video data for storage to and retrieval from a reduced memory space, while allocating memory space for pixel data special attribute, such as a transparency attribute. 24 bit video data, for example, may be compressed and stored along with 2 bits of transparency data in a 16-bit memory space, without undue loss of fidelity relative to the original graphics and / or video data. The stored and compressed video data may be uncompressed and a correction factor may be selectively applied to each of the three component pixel data. The resulting uncompressed pixel data matches or closely resembles the video data prior to compression and storage. The correction factor may vary depending upon the color space of the graphics and / or video pixel data.

A lossless encoder and decoder are provided for transmitting a multichannel signal on a medium such as DVD-Audio. The encoder accepts additionally a downmix specification and splits the encoded stream into two substreams, such that a two-channel decoder of meagre computational power can implement the downmix specification by decoding one substream, while a multichannel decoder can decode the original multichannel signal losslessly using both substreams. Further features provide for efficient implementation on 24-bit processors, for confirmation of lossless reproduction to the user, and for benign behaviour in the case of downmix specifications that result in overload. The principle is also extended to mixed-rate signals, where for example some input channels are sampled at 48 kHz and some are sampled at 96 kHz.

The invention discloses an automatic three-portion and nine-pulse-taking information acquisition and recognition device and a method of MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) hydraulic transmission touch. The method is characterized in that a hydraulic bionic probe acquires pulse fluctuation, and a pressure transmission medium is water. A microsensor array technology is adopted, and a 24-bit sensor measures the parameter attribute of a pulse wave digit form. The hydraulic probe is fixed by a double-layer band, so that interfere can be eliminated effectively, and the device is comfortable to use. The device integrates wrist, renying and fuyang pulse wave digit form detection, and synchronous and dynamic acquisition of aorta abdominalis, stomach and intestine electrophysiology signals, electrocardial and blood oxygen physiology signals, and the like, the signals are processed and analyzed by an MEMS technology, and a diagnosis result is obtained. The device is provided with a radio emission unit, and the signals can reproduce a pulse wave fluctuation state on a far-end bionic hand through remote reproduction, so that remote visual diagnosis can be achieved, and interaction support between experience of a doctor and datamation information is achieved. The device is provided with a health early-warning system, and sends an early-warning signal for abnormal measurement data.

A combination CD-ROM and MP3 recorder / player playing a CD-ROM decodes 16-bit ISO standard code words into an audio wave form converts this wave form to sound while encoding and digitizing the wave form into 24-bit MP3 format digital data. To conserve power the MP3 data is buffered in a solid state memory, preferably of the FLASH or DRAM type, before being written to a hard disk. Both reading of the CD / ROM and encoding the read contents as MP3 data, and interchange of MP3 data with other recorder / players, can be accomplished at greater than real-time play rates, permitting that, most typically, some 1200+ musical works can transferred expediently.

A lossless encoder and decoder are provided for transmitting a multichannel signal on a medium such as DVD-Audio. The encoder accepts additionally a downmix specification and splits the encoded stream into two substreams, such that a two-channel decoder of meagre computational power can implement the downmix specification by decoding one substream, while a multichannel decoder can decode the original multichannel signal losslessly using both substreams. Further features provide for efficient implementation on 24-bit processors, for confirmation of lossless reproduction to the user, and for benign behaviour in the case of downmix specifications that result in overload. The principle is also extended to mixed-rate signals, where for example some input channels are sampled at 48 kHz and some are sampled at 96 kHz

A transmitting and conversion apparatus for universal serial bus (USB) to high definition multimedia interface (HDMI), comprises main body, at one end of the main body, there is a USB connection port, while there is a HDMI output port at the another end; in the main body, there is a USB interface, a USB Hub circuit, a USB to 12 / 24-bit RGB format output circuit, a USB audio signal conversion circuit, a HDMI conversion circuit and a micro-computer unit (MCU). By using the subject apparatus, the USB connection port can be connected to the interface port of a computer main frame, the computer main frame then outputs a USB packet video signal sequentially via USB Hub circuit, USB to 12 / 24-bit RGB format output circuit, USB audio signal conversion circuit, HDMI conversion circuit and convert the signal into signal of HDMI format, and finally, the signal of HDMI format is outputted via a HDMI output port for displaying.

A high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI) receiver recovers high speed encoded data which are transmitted differentially over data channels of a lossy cable, along with a clock. Inter symbol interference, high-frequency loss, skew between the clock and data channels, and differential skew within a differential signal are compensated by analog circuits which are automatically tuned for best performance by observing the quality of the recovered analog signal. Oversampling is used to provide a 24-bit digital representation of the analog signal for determining the quality of the signal.

A method includes acquiring a 3-D geometry through use of a virtual fringe projection system and storing a representation of the 3-D geometry as a RGB color image on a computer readable storage medium A method for storing a representation of a 3-D image includes storing on a computer readable storage medium a 24-bit color image having a red channel, a green channel, and a blue channel. The red channel includes a representation of a sine fringe image. The green channel includes a representation of a cosine fringe image. The blue channel includes a representation of a stair image or other information for use in phase unwrapping. Alternatively, all channels may include representations of fringe patterns.

An image processor (14) supporting very high-speed printing. The image processor (14) preferably has two separate connections to a source (12) of the image being printed, e.g., a printer control bus (34) and an image data bus (36). The image processor (14) preferably accepts images from the image source (12) in commonly known graphics file formats, such as the well-known 24-bit, uncompressed TIFF file format. The image processor (14) is a multiprocessor implementation. Preferably, one processor (30) coordinates or “orchestrates” control of the printing system and handshaking with the image source via the printer control bus (34) and the other processor (32) functions as a raster image processor (RIP) processor (52) and accepts and stores images into the printer environment from the image source (12) via the image data bus (36). The RIP processor (52) preferably performs color separation on the image into color planes and transmits each color plane to a separate processing path from that point on in the imaging chain. Each color plane preferably has a separate imaging path out from a shared image data bus (62). This separate path for each color plane preferably includes a band manager (54), a print engine or nozzle controller (60), and a print head (58).

Aspects of a method and system for processing audio and video transport may comprise synchronizing streams with associated program content based on 24-bit presentation time stamps (PTSs) and 32-bit system clock samples (SCSs) field without using decoding time stamps (DTSs). A PTS field may be provided as part of a packetized elementary stream (PES) packet syntax. An SCS field may be provided as part of a transport stream (TS) syntax. A system clock (STC) may be determined from received SCS values. Video and / or audio data may be decoded as soon as they arrive and when there is at least one display and / or presentation frame buffer available. The video and / or audio data may be presented for display and / or play based on a comparison of the PTS and STC values. When a frame does not have an associated PTS, a PTS extrapolation operation may generate an extrapolated PTS value from previously received PTSs.

The invention relates to a water sky line detection method based on gradient saliency. The method comprises steps as follows: a frame image is acquired by an optical imaging instrument, and if the image is a color image acquired by an ordinary camera, the image is subjected to standardization processing, and a 24-bit RGB (red green blue) color image is obtained; if the image is a gray image acquired by an infrared imaging instrument, the image is subjected to standardization processing, and an 8-bit gray image is obtained; the obtained standardized image is subjected to Gaussian downsampling and the like. A gradient magnitude matrix and a gradient direction matrix of the image are calculated respectively according to the type of the image acquired by the optical imaging instrument, all gradient information of an original image is reflected in the result, and accuracy of the water sky line detection result is guaranteed. Line segment detection based on a region growing algorithm is performed sequentially from high to low according to the gradient saliency, and the problem of severe noise interference due to the fact that gradient information is directly used for detection is solved.

The invention discloses a method and a device for precisely measuring temperatures of platinum resistors. The scheme for measuring the temperatures of the micro-current-drive four-wired Pt100 platinum resistors includes that the device for precisely measuring the temperatures of the platinum resistors comprises a constant-current source drive circuit, a four-wired platinum resistor interface circuit, an instrument amplifier circuit, an anti-aliasing filter circuit, a sampling hold circuit, an A / D (analog / digital) sampling circuit and a single chip microcomputer system. A constant-current source comprises two low-noise and low-offset bipolar operational amplifiers OP07CD with high open-loop gain; the four-wired platinum resistor interface circuit is divided into a constant-current source power lead and a voltage drive lead; the instrument amplifier circuit comprises a double-stage differential amplifier circuit; the anti-aliasing filter circuit is an RC low-pass filter circuit; an A / D converter is a 24-bit high-resolution A / D converter CS5550. The method and the device have the advantage that the measurement precision is high, calibrated temperature measurement errors are smaller than + / -0.03 DEG C, and requirements of industrial production procedures on high temperature measurement precision can be met.

This invention discloses a kind of strapdown drilling dip-compass based on magnetic drag and rake angle sensor. Down-hole searching tube is composed of mechanical skeleton and hardware circuit boards. The hardware circuit board is installed in the mechanical skeleton. The said hardware circuit board is composed of three-axis magnetic drag sensor, two-axis rake angle sensor, own 24 bit A / D SCM, communication circuit, RS232 interface circuit and power circuit. It includes three-axis integration magnetic drag sensor, two-axis integration rake angle sensor, own A / D conversion SCM and the communications circuit which contacts the ground device. It can not only improve the measuring accuracy of the inclinometer, reduce its volume, low cost and can improve the efficiency of equipment production.