58results about How to "Avoid excessive intensity" patented technology

Disclosed herein is a computer-implemented method for improving a lithographic process for imaging a portion of a design layout onto a substrate using a lithographic projection apparatus, the method comprising defining a multi-variable cost function, the multi-variable cost function being a function of a stochastic effect of the lithographic process.

Methods and systems are provided for reliably providing a prognosis of the life-expectancy of a vehicle battery. A state of degradation of the battery is predicted based on a rate of convergence of a metric, that is derived from a sensed vehicle operating parameter, towards a defined threshold, determined based on past history of the metric. The predicted state of degradation is then converted into an estimate of time or distance remaining before the component needs to serviced, and displayed to the vehicle operator. Vehicle control and communication strategies may be defined with respect to the predicted state of degradation.

A heat exchanger assembly including a plurality of pairs of plates disposed in series for fluid flow from a pass through one pair of plates to a pass through the next pair of plates. Each pair of plates includes a central rib to define a U-shaped passage having a fluid entering leg and a fluid exiting leg interconnected by an open bottom interconnecting the legs below the lower end of the engaging central ribs. A plurality of dimples project into the passage to interact with fluid flow through the passage and each of the dimples has a hemispherical shape and a divider rib is disposed in the passage to co-act with the hemispherical dimples to reduce whistling noise.

In order to design on-chip interconnect structures in a flexible way, a CAD approach is advocated in three dimensions, describing high frequency effects such as current redistribution due to the skin-effect or eddy currents and the occurrence of slow-wave modes. The electromagnetic environment is described by a scalar electric potential and a magnetic vector potential. These potentials are not uniquely defined, and in order to obtain a consistent discretization scheme, a gauge-transformation field is introduced. The displacement current is taken into account to describe current redistribution and a small-signal analysis solution scheme is proposed based upon existing techniques for static fields in semiconductors. In addition methods and apparatus for refining the mesh used for numerical analysis is described.

A method and a system for mitigating transmission congestion are provided. The computer-implemented method uses distributed computing technology to convert electricity to useful work when determined beneficial to the electricity grid or grid assets. The method also includes an arrangement and prioritization of nodes to perform such work, whether located remotely or within a designated facility.

Methods and systems are provided for reliably prognosing a vehicle component, such as a vehicle battery or an intake air filter. A state of degradation of the component is predicted based on a metric that is derived from a sensed vehicle operating parameter, the parameter selected based on the component being diagnosed, as well as based on past driving history and future driving predictions. The predicted state of degradation is then converted into an estimate of time or distance remaining before the component needs to serviced, and displayed to the vehicle operator.

A lithographic apparatus includes an illumination system configured to transmit a beam of radiation, the beam of radiation comprising desired radiation having a predetermined wavelength or a predetermined wavelength range, and undesired radiation having another wavelength or another wavelength range; a support structure configured to support a patterning structure, the patterning structure being configured to impart the beam of radiation with a pattern in its cross-section; a substrate table configured to hold a substrate; and a projection system configured to project the patterned beam of radiation onto a target portion of the substrate; wherein at least part of the lithographic apparatus, in use, includes a gas substantially transmissive for at least part of the desired radiation and substantially less transmissive for at least part of the undesired radiation.

The present invention provides a pulse train generator comprising: a dual-frequency signal light source for generating a dual-frequency signal; a soliton shaper for soliton-shaping output light from the dual-frequency signal light source; and an adiabatic soliton compressor for performing adiabatic soliton compression on output light from the soliton shaper, and also provides a waveform shaper used in this pulse train generator, including a plurality of highly nonlinear optical transmission lines and a plurality of low-nonlinearity optical transmission lines which has a nonlinearity coefficient lower than that of the plurality of highly nonlinear optical transmission lines and which has a second-order dispersion value of which an absolute value is different from that of the plurality of highly nonlinear optical transmission lines. Further, the present invention provides a light source comprising a plurality of continuous light sources of which at least one oscillates in a multimode; a multiplexer for multiplexing output light from the continuous light sources; and a nonlinear phenomenon producer for producing a nonlinear phenomenon on output light from the multiplexer so as to suppress SBS (Stimulated Brillouin Scattering).

A method for improving a lithographic process for imaging a portion of a design layout onto a substrate using a lithographic projection apparatus, the method including: calculating a discrete pupil profile based on a desired pupil profile; selecting a discrete change to the discrete pupil profile; and applying the selected discrete change to the discrete pupil profile. The methods according to various embodiments disclosed herein may reduce the computational cost of discrete optimization from O(aⁿ) to O(n) wherein a is constant and n is the number of knobs that can generate discrete change in the pupil profile.

Disclosed herein are new defective Sindbis viral vectors made from a novel Helper plasmid, with differences in envelope proteins between JT vectors and consensus Sindbis virus sequences, and also between JT and Ar-339 vectors. Also disclosed are vectors produced using the plasmid, methods for producing the vectors, methods for treating mammals suffering from tumors and pharmaceutical formulations for use in the treatment methods.

An object detection system is for object detection within a field of view. A light source provides detection illumination to the field of view and a sensor senses reflected light from the field of view. Time of flight analysis is used to provide distance or presence information for objects within the field of view. The controller is adapted to derive a signal quality parameter relating to the distance or presence information and to control the light source intensity in dependence on the signal quality parameter. In this way, energy savings are made possible by adapting the detection system settings to the scene being observed.

Improvements in the shape of three-dimensional features displayed in optical recording structures, particularly in such structures displaying features of differing dimensional characteristics. The shape improvements include reductions in berm height and width, dual level data marks and tracking guides, and land areas projecting above or into the surface of the recording structure.

Aerosol compositions propelled by compressed gas providing enhanced intensity of one or more active components (e.g., fragrance, malodor counteractant, insecticide, disinfectant, or antimicrobial) over an extended period of time in the environment of use consistently over the life of the product. This is provided by a selected combination of spray rate and average particle size of the composition. The increased intensity over time can be further enhanced by further selection of the initial and terminal pressure under which the composition is maintained, and the pressure drop ratio, with respect to the composition product and a suitable dispensing container.

Methods and systems are provided for reliably prognosing a vehicle component, such as a vehicle battery or an intake air filter. A state of degradation of the component is predicted based on a metric that is derived from a sensed vehicle operating parameter, the parameter selected based on the component being diagnosed, as well as based on past driving history and future driving predictions. The predicted state of degradation is then converted into an estimate of time or distance remaining before the component needs to serviced, and displayed to the vehicle operator.

The present invention generally relates to an optical system for a wash light and specifically to a variable beam angle system which provides an improved range of beam angles and efficient light output. The present invention includes a light modulating optical element that has a central aperture that can be moved along the optical axis the system. Further the central aperture of the modulating element may be occluded by a diffusing element. The extent of the occlusion can be varied. At a first limit position when the optical system is adjusted so as to provide the minimum beam divergence the light beam will pass through the aperture with no intensity loss. In this configuration the first optical element has practically no effect on the beam. At a second limit position when the optical system is adjusted so as to provide the maximum beam divergence the diffusers cover the central aperture to diffuse the central illumination so as to avoid excessive intensity in the beam centre. The range of beam angles and light modulation can be further improved by means of a variable sized aperature.