The invention relates to the technical field of workshop free guide trolley delivery scheduling, and particularly belongs to a discrete optimization method based on matrix workshop AGV scheduling. The method comprises the steps of 1, presetting related parameters of a discrete weed optimization algorithm, wherein the related parameters include an initial population number, a maximum population number, a minimum seed number and a maximum seed number; 2, initializing a population, specifically, generating a high-quality solution by using a neighborhood nearest distance heuristic algorithm, and generating other solutions by using a random generation method until the initial population number is reached; 3, optimizing the initialized population; and 4, outputting an optimal solution, specifically, judging whether a stop condition of calculating time of 5s is reached or not, and if not, returning to the step 3; and if the stop condition is reached, outputting the optimal solution in the current population. According to the invention, the scheduling scheme suitable for the actual production of the workshop can be obtained, and the scheduling management and optimization of the AGV are realized.