The invention discloses novel high-speed regular and tapered cylinder printing equipment and a method. The novel high-speed regular and tapered cylinder printing equipment comprises a frame, a first servo motor, a headstock, a first UV lamp and a second UV lamp, wherein the first servo motor is arranged above the left end of the frame, a cross beam shaft is arranged on the right end of the first servo motor, the cross beam shaft is connected with the frame, the headstock is arranged on the right end of the cross beam shaft, the headstock is connected with the frame, a first nozzle, a second nozzle, a third nozzle, a fourth nozzle and a fifth nozzle are arranged on the headstock, a waste ink box is arranged below the headstock, and a mounting groove is formed in the bottom end of the frame.According to the novel high-speed regular and tapered cylinder printing equipment and the method, the inclination of tapered workpieces can be adjusted by virtue of stations and auxiliary fixtures, and the surfaces of the workpieces and the nozzles can be effectively kept horizontal, so that irregular cylinders can be conveniently printed by the printing equipment.