The application provides a
simultaneous localization and mapping method for
underwater pipeline detection, and belongs to the technical field of
underwater robot navigation and positioning; aiming at the problems of limited light, strong echo interference and high structure
repeatability in the
seawater pipeline environment, a tightly coupled
pose estimation framework based on
factor graph optimization is proposed by fusing a two-dimensional
imaging sonar, a
Doppler velocity log (DVL) and an
inertial measurement unit (IMU). Through joint constraint and optimization of multi-source sensing information, the method can realize high-precision positioning and continuous mapping of the ROV in an environment with extremely low
visibility and complex pipeline structure, effectively improving the autonomy and
data reliability of the
underwater inspection process. The method has clear structure, simple implementation and high calculation efficiency, can stably run on a conventional ROS platform, and is suitable for various types of underwater pipeline detection and inspection tasks.