The invention relates to the field of building external
window detection, in particular to a detection device for detecting the
solar heat gain coefficient of a building external window, which comprises an environment control chamber, a hot chamber and a cold chamber which are arranged in parallel are arranged in the environment control chamber, and a building external window test piece is detachably fixed between the hot chamber and the cold chamber. A total
radiation meter A is arranged at the position, close to the building outer window test piece, of the hot chamber, a total
radiation meter B is arranged at the position, close to the building outer window test piece, of the cold chamber, an
artificial light source, a hot chamber air conditioner and a temperature sensor A are arranged in the hot chamber, and a temperature sensor and a cold chamber air conditioner are arranged in the cold chamber. A
data processing system and an environment
control room air conditioner are arranged in the environment
control room, and data measured by the total
radiation meter A and the total radiation meter B are transmitted to the
data processing system for
data processing. The method can carry out targeted
solar heat gain coefficient detection on building external windows, light-transmitting curtain walls and the like, guarantees the accuracy and stability of data, and does not affect the detection of shading coefficients at the same time.