The invention belongs to the technical field of infrared remote sensing and infrared space, and discloses a space-based infrared aerial target detection method, a storage medium and computer equipment, and the method comprises the steps: determining a reference frame Ib and a reference frame Ib + l, carrying out the local normalization processing of a frame b, carrying out the local normalization processing of a frame b + j, and carrying out the inter-frame correlation difference; after the inter-frame correlation difference is completed, dipole enhancement and spatial difference are carried out; multiplying the data completed by the space background suppression, the dipole enhancement and the space difference to obtain an intermediate result; and performing global normalization processing, local feature contrast and adaptive threshold segmentation on the intermediate result data, and performing result detection. According to the invention, space-based infrared aerial target detection is realized by constructing the local inter-frame matching difference model and the space local contrast model, the processing complexity of infrared aerial target detection and the resource demand of hardware realization are reduced, and the target detection efficiency is effectively improved.