A salient object detection method based on histogram power function fitting comprises the four steps of the histogram power function fitting, a superpixel classification, a salient region problem and salient object detection. The salient object detection method based on the histogram power function fitting has the advantages that gray threshold is obtained through using an FT saliency map, a figure manifold sorting method, an SLIC method superpixel classification and the histogram power function fitting, under the situations of multiple images, multiple targets and complex scenes, the detection efficiency is high, the performance is good, the precision is good, the problem in salient object detection fields is solved, by means of the salient object detection method based on the histogram power function fitting, the execution speed is high, and the complexity of algorithm is low; meanwhile, higher detection precision can be guaranteed.