69 results about "Energy maximization" patented technology

The present invention comprises an ultrasonic resonant rod waveguide-radiator with at least three cylindrical sections, one of which is an entrance section having a planar entrance surface and another of which is an exit section having a planar exit surface, and at least two sections having a variable cross-section. The cylindrical sections and sections of variable cross-section are arranged in alternating fashion and connected to each other acoustically rigidly. The dimensions of the cylindrical sections and the sections of variable cross-section are selected so that the gain of the waveguide-radiator is significantly greater than unity and the strain created by passage of ultrasonic waves through the waveguide-radiator is minimized, increasing the operational life of the waveguide-radiator and maximizing the amount of useful energy transmitted by the waveguide-radiator.

By optimizing the degree to which water is accelerated through a venturi device, the amount of power that an energy device extracts from the ocean is maximized. Prior venturi-based wave energy devices have proven to be inefficient because of the relatively small amount of power that they generate relative to their size and cost. By optimizing the venturi effect created within the submerged venturi components of such devices, the speed of the water moving through the narrowest portions of such a devices is maximized with respect to the wave environments in which they operate, and a maximal amount of energy is extracted from the ocean. This optimization of a wave energy device's power is sufficient to render such devices cost effective. The method of extracting energy from the accelerated flow of water moving through such venturi devices is not limited, and many alternatives exist, each with its own potential benefits.

The invention discloses a membrane capacitive deionization device for circulation treatment and a treatment method. The membrane capacitive deionization device comprises a membrane capacitance deionization component, a step-up / step-down converter, a direct-current (DC) power supply, a raw water storage tank, a middle liquid storage tank, a regenerated water storage tank, a fresh water storage tank, a conductivity monitor, a water pump, a power valve, a check valve and a DC / DC converter. Based on a technique of double-electrode layer desalting principles, the membrane capacitive deionization device is capable of removing salt and storing energy; and in the regeneration process of a capacitive deionization unit, the stored energy can be released. Collection of the part of energy can be achieved, and the collected energy can be used as an external power supply of the capacitive deionization unit for desalting operation. In order to achieve the purpose of maximization of energy storage, the step-up / step-down converter is introduced, energy recycling can be achieved, and the energy consumption can be reduced. Due to the design of the experiment device disclosed by the invention, an effect of multi-level treatment on strong brine can be achieved.

A method of acquiring signals from satellites in a Global Positioning System (GPS) is disclosed. The method includes receiving navigation signals from the satellites of the GPS, down-converting to complex baseband the received navigation signals to form a first signal, digitizing samples of the first signal, nonlinear processing of the digitized samples of the first signal to form a second signal, where the nonlinear processing comprises forming a weighted sum of products of pairs of the digitized samples at different relative delays, in which one of each of the pairs has been complex conjugated, coherent averaging the second signal over integer multiples or submultiples of a spreading sequence period of the navigation signals to form a third signal, performing circular correlation processing of the third signal with a representation of each navigation signal of the navigation signals and determining a timing offset at which a correlated output energy is maximized, based on the circular correlation processing.

A mixing assembly includes an inlet, an outlet and a mixing chamber, the inlet is fluidly connected to the outlet through a plurality of micro fluid flow paths in a direction perpendicular from the inlet. The micro fluid flow paths fluidly connect to the perpendicular inlet via a transition portion. The micro fluid flow paths are constructed radially inwardly to a concentration area in the mixing chamber. By directing multiple fluid flows to a concentrated area within the mixing chamber at high speeds, the energy dissipated at the point of collision is maximized, which helps to increase consistency and quality of mixing, and to reduce particle size of the fluid in the mixing chamber.

An encoder (100) for encoding a multi-channel audio signal comprises a prediction processor (101) which generates two residual signals for two signal components of the multi-channel signal by linear prediction which is associated with psycho-acoustic prediction filters. A rotation processor (105) rotates the combined signal of the two residual signals to generate a main signal and a side signal. Preferably, the energy of the main signal is maximized and the energy of the side signal is minimized. An encoding processor (109) encodes the main and preferably the side signal and an output processor (111) generates an output signal comprising the encoded main data and preferably the side data, prediction parameters and rotation parameters. The combination of linear prediction, use of psycho-acoustic characteristics and the general encoder (100) for encoding a multi-channel signal comprises a prediction processor (101) which generates two residual signals for two signal components of the multi-channel signal by linear prediction which is associated with psycho-acoustic characteristics and which specifically uses psycho-acoustic prediction filters. A rotation processor (105) rotates the combined signal of the two residual signals to generate a main signal and a side signal. Preferably, the energy of the main signal is maximized and the energy of the side signal is minimized. An encoding processor (109) encodes the main and preferably the side signal and an output processor (111) generates an output signal comprising the encoded main data and preferably the side data, prediction parameters and rotation parameters. The combination of linear prediction, use of psycho-acoustic characteristics and the generation of a main and side signal improves encoding and enhances the flexibility of the encoder for different data rates.

A method of controlling slag characteristics in an electric arc furnace control is disclosed. The furnace has inputs including oxygen supply and carbon supply. The method of controlling slag characteristics includes introducing a charge to be melted into the furnace, melting at least a portion of the charge to produce a melt, and introducing oxygen and carbon into the melt to enhance formation of a slag having slag conditions including a slag height and a slag coverage. To better control the slag characteristics, the slag is modeled and the inputs are controlled to maximize the energy transferred from the electrode to the slag.

The invention discloses a multi-algorithm fusion method for bimodal infrared image difference characteristic index measurement. The multi-algorithm fusion method comprises the following steps that: firstly, selecting difference characteristic types between infrared polarization and a light intensity image, wherein the difference characteristic types are mainly luminance, details, edges, outlines and the like; according to the difference characteristic types, selecting local energy maximization, non-subsampling shear wave and multiscale guidance filtering to independently carry out fusion on a source image; independently calculating the local mean value, the local Laplacian energy and the local standard deviation of two classes of image; utilizing the local mean value, the local Laplacian energy and the local standard deviation of two classes of image to calculate each difference characteristic index measurement; and constructing a difference characteristic index measurement covariance matrix, calculating the feature value and the feature vector of the covariance matrix, and selecting the feature vector corresponding to a maximum feature value as each algorithm weight to keep the function of the edge and the outline feature of the high luminance, multiple details and high definition of infrared polarization and light intensity images while multiple algorithms are fused while multi-algorithm fusion is realized. Therefore, the fusion effect of multi-algorithm fusion can be obviously improved.

The present invention discloses a bipolar binary shift pulse keying modulation and demodulation method. The method is characterized by carrying out the pulse modulation on a symbol 0 having the reverse polarity with the pulse modulation of a symbol 1 on the basis of a binary shift pulse keying modulation mode in a uniform orthogonal binary shift keying modulation and demodulation method and in the initial information modulation interval of each symbol cycle, thereby greatly reducing and even completely eliminating the all discrete line spectrums containing a carrier frequency, and substantially expanding the constellation point distances among the symbols. By adopting a dual matching filtering method of impact filtering-multiplying coherent carrier-low pass filtering or band-pass filtering- related demodulation to demodulate, and by utilizing the dual filtering noise reduction removing interference capability of the impact filtering and the low pass filtering or band-pass filtering and the dual symbol energy maximization effect of the coherent demodulation and related demodulation, a received signal to noise ratio and an energy utilization rate can be improved remarkably, and the noise restraint anti-interference performance of a system can be enhanced substantially.

The invention provides a biorthogonal bipolar binary shift pulse keying modulation and demodulation method. According to the method, on the basis of a bipolar binary shift pulse keying modulation and demodulation method, a quaternary symbol sequence is converted to two paths of binary message sequences in a series-to-parallel mode, and bipolar BSK pulse modulation with the same modulation parameter is conducted on a branch I and a branch Q; the modulated carrier waves are mutually orthogonal, namely the phase difference is 90 degrees, the modulation ranges are staggered, namely the two paths of pulse modulation are conducted within the start range and the end range of each binary symbol period respectively, the spectral efficiency is greatly multiplied, the transmission isolation between the branch I and the branch Q is greatly improved, and the strict orthogonality requirement of coherent carrier extraction is substantially lowered; a dual matched filtering method of shock filter multiplied by coherent carrier waves-low-pass filtering or band-pass filtering-related demodulation is adopted for demodulation, the method has dual filtering and noise reduction interference dispelling performance and dual symbol energy maximization effects, and the reliable transmission of biorthogonal modulating signals is guaranteed.

A hybrid vehicle includes a reciprocating internal combustion engine having intake and exhaust poppet valves which are controlled so as to minimize the amount of power required to motor the engine during regenerative braking, so as to maximize energy stored within an energy storage device recharged by a rotating reversible machine operatively connected with the engine, the vehicle's road wheels, and the energy storage device.

The invention relates to a microseism event positioning method and device based on automatic scanning of longitudinal and transverse wave energy. The method includes the steps that microseism event recognition is carried out on underground monitoring data; a microseism event travel-time table of a searched area is built; sliding scanning is carried out on a recognized microseism event according to the microseism event travel-time table, and accordingly diffraction stacked energy is obtained; sliding scanning is carried out on the polarization direction of the recognized microseism event according to the microseism event travel-time table, so information of the polarization direction is obtained; an objective function of microseism event direction consistence and scanned and stacked energy maximization is solved according to the diffraction stacked energy and the information of the polarization direction, and accordingly an optimal solution of the objective function is obtained. The optimal solution represents the position where direction stability and consistence are best and longitudinal and transverse wave scanned energy is strongest in the direction and the position is where the microseism event happens.

A nanoporous templating substrate, which is an anodically oxidized alumina (AAO) substrate, is employed to form a pseudocapacitor having high stored energy density. A pseudocapacitive material is deposited conformally along the sidewalls of the AAO substrate by atomic layer deposition, chemical vapor deposition), and / or electrochemical deposition employing a nucleation layer. The thickness of the pseudocapacitive material on the walls can be precisely controlled in the deposition process. The AAO is etched to form an array of nanotubes of the PC material that are cylindrical and structurally robust with cavities therein. Because the AAO substrate that acts as scaffolding is removed, only the active PC material is left behind, thereby maximizing the energy per mass. In addition, nanotubes may be de-anchored from a substrate so that free-standing nanotubes having randomized orientations may be deposited on a conductive substrate to form an electrode of a pseudocapacitor.

A device (100) harvests energy from vibration and / or strain and utilises both capacitive (102a, 102b) and piezo-electric elements (105). The principle of operation is out-of-plane capacitive harvester, where the bias voltage for the capacitive element is generated with a piezoelectric element (105). The device utilizes a thin dielectric film (104) between the capacitor plates (102a, 102b) maximizing the harvested energy and enabling the harvester operation in semi-contact mode so that short circuits are prevented. For example when utilised in a wheel or the like, the capacitor is closed and opened at every strike or every turn of a wheel being thus independent of the harvester's mechanical resonance frequency.

The invention discloses a piezoelectric energy collector applied to a road deceleration strip and a collection circuit of the piezoelectric energy collector, and aims at solving the technical problem of low collection efficiency of an existing piezoelectric energy collector. According to the technical scheme, an impact-type cantilever beam structure is adopted by the collector; when a vehicle drives on the deceleration strip, mechanical energy of the vehicle is converted into electric energy through a piezoelectric material in the collector; and after the vehicle drives off the deceleration strip, a cantilever beam is in a free vibration state with damping and the mechanical vibration is further converted into the electric energy by the piezoelectric material, so that continuous output of the electric energy is achieved. By the matched collection circuit, input impedance can be matched with the impedance of the piezoelectric material during the period of shock and the period of free vibration separately through controlling and changing the switching period and the duty ratio of a DC-DC switching converter, so that electric energy output by the piezoelectric material is maximized. Furthermore, when no electric energy is generated, a piezoelectric energy collection circuit enters a sleep mode with extremely low power consumption, so that the energy is saved and the collection efficiency of the collection system is significantly improved.

A nanoporous templating substrate, which is an anodically oxidized alumina (AAO) substrate, is employed to form a pseudocapacitor having high stored energy density. A pseudocapacitive material is deposited conformally along the sidewalls of the AAO substrate by atomic layer deposition, chemical vapor deposition), and / or electrochemical deposition employing a nucleation layer. The thickness of the pseudocapacitive material on the walls can be precisely controlled in the deposition process. The AAO is etched to form an array of nanotubes of the PC material that are cylindrical and structurally robust with cavities therein. Because the AAO substrate that acts as scaffolding is removed, only the active PC material is left behind, thereby maximizing the energy per mass. In addition, nanotubes may be de-anchored from a substrate so that free-standing nanotubes having randomized orientations may be deposited on a conductive substrate to form an electrode of a pseudocapacitor.

A method of controlling slag characteristics in an electric arc furnace control is disclosed. The furnace has inputs including oxygen supply and carbon supply. The method of controlling slag characteristics includes introducing a charge to be melted into the furnace, melting at least a portion of the charge to produce a melt, and introducing oxygen and carbon into the melt to enhance formation of a slag having slag conditions including a slag height and a slag coverage. To better control the slag characteristics, the slag is modeled and the inputs are controlled to maximize the energy transferred from the electrode to the slag.

An apparatus for temporally dividing pulses from a train of optical pulses into angularly-separated beam paths is disclosed. The apparatus includes no more than one acousto-optic modulator (AOM) for each beam path. The AOMs are configured and arranged to maximize the angular separation of the beam paths and to maximize the energy of each divided pulse. Pulses on the separated beam paths have equal pulse energies and may be gated independently.

The invention discloses a control method for balancing charging according to battery voltage. The control method comprises a constant-current charging stage and a constant-voltage charging stage in sequence, and comprises the following specific steps: after previous charging is finished, estimating durations required by charging balance of all single batteries during current charging according to difference values between the voltages of all single batteries and a highest single battery voltage, and saving; at the constant-current charging stage of the current charging, performing charging balance on a single battery of which the duration required by charging balance is longest; at the constant-voltage charging stage of the current charging, performing charging balance on a single battery of which the voltage is lowest. According to the method, the duration of the current charging balance is estimated by fully utilizing the situation of voltage difference after previous full charging of a battery pack, balance is performed at the constant-current stage of the current charging process according to the duration, and balance is also performed at a constant-voltage current-reducing stage according to a lowest voltage, so that energy maximization is ensured after full charging of a battery pack of a pure electric automobile.

A microwave transponder. The microwave transponder includes a conductive plate including an antenna, and a semiconductor chip disposed within a terminal gap located in a vicinity of a center of the conductive plate. A window of a predetermined shape is formed to extend from the terminal gap toward a side of the conductive plate. The perfect impedance matching is fulfilled even when the transponder is bent. Since the return loss of the electromagnetic power is reduced at least in a quarter through the impedance matching, the energy transferred to the transponder is maximized.

Systems and methods are provided for determining an optimal point during operation of a hybrid electric vehicle towing a trailer at which the energy that can be recouped through regenerative braking is maximized. Operating conditions or characteristics of the hybrid electric vehicle and the brake characteristics of the trailer are considered in determining the optimal point at which the energy that can be recouped is maximized. At the optimal point at which the energy that can be recouped is maximized, the engine of the hybrid electric vehicle is turned off. Otherwise, the engine of the hybrid electric vehicle is left on.

A speed nock for use with an archery bow includes a first enlarged portion and a second enlarged portion connected via a central portion. The central portion has a maximum dimension smaller than maximum dimensions of the first and second enlarged portions. The central portion is positioned between strands of a bowstring of the bow so that the strands pinch the central portion, at least assisting in holding the speed nock in place along the bowstring. The speed nock can be moved along the bowstring to a selected location that maximizes energy imparted to an arrow shot from the archery bow, and thus the speed of the arrow. A related method of using the speed nock above is also provided.

The invention discloses a wavefront phase sensor based on a self-adaptive optical fiber coupler array. The wavefront phase sensor comprises the self-adaptive optical fiber coupler array, a coupler integrated device, an energy transfer optical fiber, a photoelectric detector group, a control platform and a multi-channel high voltage amplifier. The self-adaptive optical fiber coupler array is mounted in the coupler integrated device and used for splitting an incident laser beam and focusing and coupling the split incident laser beams into built-in optical fibers of couplers. The energy transfer optical fiber is connected with the built-in optical fibers of the self-adaptive optical fiber couplers; after laser is transmitted to the photoelectric detector group, the optical signal of each self-adaptive optical fiber coupler is converted into an electric signal and transmitted to the control platform. The control platform generates driving control voltages according to the received electric signals by use of an optimizing control algorithm, and the driving control voltages are amplified by the high voltage amplifier before acting on the self-adaptive optical fiber coupler array; the control platform is capable of obtaining the wavefront slope of each subaperture by virtue of inversion by using the driving control voltage corresponding to energy maximization of each self-adaptive optical fiber coupler, and thus reconstructing the wavefront phase by use of a wavefront restoration algorithm.

A scheme determines the first significant path (FSP) of a received multipath signal, from data defining the relative delay and the amplitude of the individual signal paths occurring in a series of time frames. The scheme includes filtering the data to spread the signal paths, performing a persistence test between frames to reject spurious signal paths, combining the energy of the signal paths in a frame, applying a test to determine the time at which the combined energy satisfies a criterion, and selecting the FSP dependent on that time. The combined energy may be evaluated within a sliding window, and the position of the window within the frame determined that maximizes the combined energy. Alternatively, the combined energy may be evaluated as the cumulative energy through the frame, and the position determined at which the cumulative energy reaches a threshold.

The invention discloses an energy-carrying communication system two-way relay selection method based on received energy maximization, which overcomes a problem of energy limitation in a communication process to a largest extent, enables the long-term and effective working of the system and is suitable for wireless communication. When the system works, multiple relay nodes for being selected by a user exist; an optimal relay is selected by a relay selection technology according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, and a base station and the user utilize the selected relay to transmit information. According to the energy-carrying communication system two-way relay selection method based on the received energy maximization, the user configures rechargeable batteries and collects energy from received signals, and the batteries are arranged on the base station and the relay; compared with random selection, the energy-carrying communication system two-way relay selection method based on the received energy maximization has the advantage that the interruption, caused by energy shortage, in the system is remarkably reduced.

A speed nock for use with an archery bow includes a first enlarged portion and a second enlarged portion connected via a central portion. The central portion has a maximum dimension smaller than maximum dimensions of the first and second enlarged portions. The central portion is positioned between strands of a bowstring of the bow so that the strands pinch the central portion, at least assisting in holding the speed nock in place along the bowstring. The speed nock can be moved along the bowstring to a selected location that maximizes energy imparted to an arrow shot from the archery bow, and thus the speed of the arrow. A related method of using the speed nock above is also provided.

A cryogenic expander maximizes the energy absorbing capacity of bumpers that prevent the displacer or piston in a pneumatically driven expander from hitting the cold or warm end of a cylinder. A collar at the warm end of the piston which has the same outside diameter as the piston and a lip at the warm end that engages an “O” ring before the piston hits the cold end or bottom of the cylinder. The warm end of the collar also engages an “O” ring before the pistons hits the warm end or top of the cylinder. Having “O” rings that are near the maximum diameter of the cylinder maximizes the amount of energy they can absorb, and thus permits quiet operation of larger size expanders than prior designs.

The invention discloses an anti-blocking self-vibrating ring for a sprayed concrete pumping pipe. A groove is formed in the vibrating ring; a vibrator is mounted on the inner part of the vibrating ring; a pressure slot is arranged on the inner wall of the vibrating ring; a magnetic suspension electromagnet is mounted at the periphery of the groove; a fan-shaped frame is arranged on a ring-shaped bracket; a bulge is arranged on the fan-shaped frame; the magnetic suspension electromagnet is mounted at the periphery of the bulge; the bulge is embedded into the groove; and a pressure detecting device is mounted in the pressure slot. The anti-blocking self-vibrating ring has the function of automatically switching on and switching off, can complete switching among three working states of vibrating, strengthened vibrating, and stopping vibrating according to the blocking pressure of the pipe wall of the sprayed concrete pumping pipe, and also can automatically strength the vibrating frequency and the vibrating amplitude of the vibrating ring along with the increase of pressure, so that the pipe blocking problem of the sprayed concrete pumping pipe is solved, an interior electromagnet system can enable the vibrating ring to realize magnetic suspension in a pipe diameter direction and a pipeline direction, the impact effect of the vibrating ring to the pipeline outer pipe is greatly relieved, and the energy can be utilized to vibrate the sprayed concrete pumping pump to the greatest extent.