The invention provides a seawater desalination and ice storage coupling system which comprises a centrifugal machine, the centrifugal machine comprises a box body, a cover body, a rotary drum, a centrifugal motor, a spiral scraper and an operating mechanism, a centrifugal liquid inlet hole is formed in the cover body, a plurality of through holes are formed in the side wall of the rotary drum, the upper end of the spiral scraper is fixedly connected or integrally connected with a discharging rod, the cross section of the discharging rod and the cross section of the spiral scraper are both in a V shape or a U shape, the upper portion of the box body is provided with a centrifugal discharging hole connected with the discharging rod, and the lower portion of the box body is provided with a drainage hole communicated with an inner cavity of the box body. By arranging the spiral pipeline and the discharging rod, ice crystals can be completely extracted under the condition that the centrifugal machine does not stop working, the efficiency is relatively high, ice obtained after centrifugal desalination is stored, cold energy is transferred in time and space, electricity generated by renewable energy can be effectively consumed, and arbitrage can be carried out according to the difference between peak electricity and off-peak electricity.