The invention discloses an enzyme-linked immunoassay kit and a detection method capable of simultaneously detecting thyroid stimulating hormone receptor subtype antibodies. The kit comprises a coatingantigen, a precoated ELISA plate, a rinsing solution, a thyroid stimulating hormone receptor antibody standard, an ELISA solution, a diluted sample solution, a rinsing solution, a blocking solution,a color developing solution and a stop solution. The detection method comprises the following steps: coating, washing, adding a sample, washing, developing the color and stopping. The kit is high in sensitivity, good in specificity and easy to operate, and can be used for quantitatively detecting the concentrations of the thyroid stimulating hormone receptor subtype antibodies; a result obtained after detection through use of the kit and the detection method has an important clinical reference value; the kit is low in price, is convenient for clinical wide-range popularization, and provides aprecise reference for a clinician to diagnose diseases.