The invention relates to a spiral negative pressure extraction booster which comprises a shell, a driving part, a rotary wheel, a sliding sleeve, a spring, a first clamping disc, a second clamping disc, an injector, a piston, a lead screw and a check ring. The driving part and the sliding sleeve are arranged on the shell, a key groove is formed in the sliding sleeve, and the rotary wheel is mounted in the key groove through a sliding key and arranged on the sliding sleeve in a sleeving mode. The first clamping disc and the second clamping disc are connected to the two ends of the sliding sleeve, the position, between the first clamping disc and one side of the rotary wheel, of the sliding sleeve is sleeved with the spring, the position, at the other side of the rotary wheel, of the sliding sleeve is sleeved with the check ring, and the piston and the lead screw are connected and then arranged in the injector. An output opening is formed in the injector, and the lead screw penetrates out of the injector and is mounted in the sliding sleeve in the mode of being engaged with an internal thread. The driving part is used for driving the rotary wheel, the sliding sleeve and the lead screw to rotate in sequence to drive the piston to move, and power driving is more constant in speed and more reliable. The second clamping disc is pulled to vacate space to facilitate separation and clamping of a fixed sheet and a clamping groove, the injector can be demounted and mounted conveniently, reset is carried out through the elastic force of the spring, and use is more convenient.