The invention belongs to the technical field of textile equipment, and particularly relates to textile fabric rapid carding equipment and a working method thereof. The textile fabric rapid carding equipment comprises a machine body; a feeding hole and a discharging hole are formed in the two sides of the machine body correspondingly; a pair of circular pipes are rotatably connected to the side, close to the feeding hole, in the machine body through a bracket; one end of each circular pipe is fixedly connected with a hollow clearing roller, and the other ends of the circular pipes communicate with negative pressure devices; and a group of negative pressure holes are uniformly distributed at the periphery of each clearing roller, and a group of bristles are circumferentially and uniformly distributed at the position, between the adjacent negative pressure holes, of each clearing roller. The ends, away from the circular pipes, of the clearing rollers penetrate through the machine body andextend out of the machine body, and pushing rods are arranged in the clearing rollers; brush plates are arranged at the ends, located in the clearing rollers, of the pushing rods; supporting seats are fixedly connected to the position, corresponding to the clearing rollers, of the machine body, and a pair of rollers is arranged on each supporting seat; and a conveying belt is arranged between theevery two rollers in a sleeving mode, one side of each conveying belt is fixedly connected with a rotating pin, and the rotating pins are hinged to the pushing rod through connecting rods. Accordingto the textile fabric rapid carding equipment, the brush plates are driven by the conveying belts to continuously scrape the inner walls of the clearing rollers, and the carding efficiency of cloth isimproved.