The invention relates to a multilayer compound eccentric-wear-preventing continuous sucker rod and a manufacturing device and a manufacturing method thereof. The sucker rod is characterized in that one section or several sections of the external surface of a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite rod body are respectively covered with a thermosetting wear layer; each thermosetting wear layer is made from one of polyurethane, a fluorocarbon coating, modified epoxide resin, vinylester resin, unsaturated polyester and phenolic resin; by adopting a manufacturing technology of multilayer composite winding and pultrusion or weaving and pultrusion, an internal layer of longitudinal fibers, an intertwining layer or a weaving layer and an external layer of longitudinal fibers are formed from interior to exterior in sequence; the manufactured rod body has a continuous length of 0-5000m. The sucker rod has the beneficial effects that the radial strength and the axial compressive strength are enhanced; the corrosion resistance and the eccentric wear resistance of the thermosetting wear layers are improved by 30%; the maximum temperature tolerance of the thermosetting wear layers is up to 190 DEG C; meanwhile, the bonding between an sucker rod body and each thermosetting wear layer is greater in length and quite high in strength, so that the slippage and the layering of an eccentric-wear-preventing layer from the surface of the sucker rod in the normal operation of an oil well are avoided.