The invention discloses a premature,
disease-resistant and stress-resistant mini broccoli breeding method and belongs to the technical field of
plant cultivation. Flower buds, suitable for
microspore culture, of broccoli and cabbage mustard breeding materials from the mid-late uninucleate stage to the early dicaryon stage are used for
microspore culture, a large number of regeneration plants are created, excellent DH plants are screened out for
selfing, a DH strain stable in botanical character, good in combining ability and large in
pollen quantity is obtained, and hybridization
first generation seeds F1 are prepared in the flowering stage through artificial emasculationare carried out to obtain; generation-adding is conducted on the F1, then good single plants with botanical characters similar to those of broccoli are selected,
selfing in the
bud stage is carried out to obtain F2, then generation-adding is conducted on
three generations to select self-incompatible strains 11-13-7-8-3 and 12-15-9-3-2 which are excellent and stable and cultivated through continuous
selfing in the
bud stage, and premature,
disease-resistant and stress-resistant mini broccoli is obtained through hybridization. The self-incompatible strains are used for
mating,
reciprocal cross plants are consistent in character, and the yield of produced seeds is increased by over 50% compared with that of sterile line seed production.