The invention discloses a big data image acquisition-based intelligent road traffic tracking management system. The system comprises a data storage database, a region dividing module, a road conditionupdating module, a cloud server, a vehicle storage database, a plurality of vehicle-mounted terminals, a plurality of image acquisition terminals and a display terminal; the cloud server is connectedwith the road condition update module, the vehicle storage database, the data storage database, the display terminal, the plurality of vehicle-mounted terminals, and the plurality of image acquisition terminals; the region division module is connected with the data storage database; and the vehicle-mounted terminals are connected with the vehicle storage database. According to the system of the invention, the vehicle-mounted terminals, the image acquisition terminals, the cloud server and the road state update module are adopted, so that traffic conditions between adjacent road sections can be accurately analyzed, the display of the congestion degree of a road section to be tested by administrative staff can be facilitated, the tracked management of road traffic is realized, and a reliable reference basis can be recommended for vehicle travel routes in the future.