The invention provides a method for recognizing environmental protection control abnormity by decomposing enterprise power consumption data based on a time sequence. The method comprises the following steps: S1, constructing a distribution frequency table of the power consumption data: acquiring enterprise power consumption data Q, and calculating Qmax, a mean value Qave and Qmin; decomposing enterprise power consumption data Q into a trend term, a periodic term and a residual term R based on a time sequence decomposition method, and calculating Rmax, a mean value Rave and Rmin of the residual term R; constructing an environmental protection management and control implementation distribution frequency table of the environmental protection management and control implementation frequency P for the enterprise power consumption data Q and the residual item R; S2, counting historical power consumption data of a plurality of enterprises, and calculating an environmental protection management and control implementation frequency P; and S3, based on the environmental protection management and control implementation frequency P, determining whether a certain enterprise is an abnormal environmental protection management and control enterprise. According to the method, the change rule of power utilization data caused by behaviors such as environmental protection emergency response or other management and control measures can be finely analyzed, and whether an enterprise implements emergency response according to requirements or not is accurately judged.