The invention relates to the field of rail vehicle gauge changing, and discloses a gauge-changeable wheel set and a gauge-changeable bogie; the gauge-changeable wheel set comprises wheels, an axle, locking mechanisms and transverse driving mechanisms; the wheels are connected with the axle through splines, and two ends, located outside the wheels, of the axle are supported in axle boxes respectively; the locking mechanisms are arranged on the inner sides of the wheels respectively, each locking mechanism comprises a traction electromagnet, each traction electromagnet comprises a traction coiland a movable iron core driven by the traction coil to move, a plurality of locking holes are formed in hubs on the inner sides of the wheels at intervals in an axial direction, and the movable iron cores can extend into or leave the locking holes to achieve locking or unlocking of the wheels; the transverse driving mechanisms are arranged on the outer sides of the wheels correspondingly and fixedto the axle boxes; each transverse driving mechanism comprises an electric cylinder; extending ends of the electric cylinders are used for pushing or pulling the unlocked wheels, such that gauge changing of the wheels is achieved. Abrasion between wheel axles can be reduced, the gauge changing reliability is improved, and the gauge changing efficiency is improved.