The invention provides a software performance optimization method based on a CPU multi-core platform. The method comprises software characteristic analysis, parallel optimization scheme formulation and parallel optimization scheme implementation and iteration tuning. Particularly, the method comprises application software characteristic analysis, serial algorithm analysis, CPU multi-in/thread parallel algorithm design, multi-buffer design, design of communication modes among threads, memory access optimization, cache optimization, processor vectorization optimization, mathematical function library optimization and the like. The method is widely applicable to application occasions with multi-thread parallel processing requirements, software developers are guided to perform multi-thread parallel optimization improvement on prior software rapidly and efficiently with short developing periods and low developing costs, the utilization of system resources by software is optimized, data reading and computing and mutual masking of write-back data are achieved, the software running time is shortened furthest, the hardware resource utilization rate is improved apparently, and the software computing efficiency and the software whole performance are enhanced.