The invention discloses an interactive anti-counterfeiting authentication method which comprises an anti-counterfeiting label, anti-counterfeiting authentication equipment and an anti-counterfeiting server, wherein the anti-counterfeiting label comprises a microprocessor unit which can execute an anti-counterfeiting authentication logic; and the anti-counterfeiting label and the anti-counterfeiting server conduct interactive authentication based on passwords and a one-way encryption algorithm with the help of the anti-counterfeiting authentication equipment, and synchronize and update the passwords simultaneously. An intelligent anti-counterfeiting label which is applicable to the interactive anti-counterfeiting authentication method comprises the microprocessor unit, and the intelligent anti-counterfeiting label includes an anti-counterfeiting logic and adopts an easily destroyed package, is connected with a cassette plug which meets the standard of a storage card interface, defined by the SD (Secure Digital) association, through a flexible connecting part, is connected with the anti-counterfeiting authentication equipment through the cassette plug, is powered by the anti-counterfeiting authentication equipment, and interacts with the anti-counterfeiting authentication equipment through an analog expanded memory card or SDIO (secure digital input / output) equipment. The interactive anti-counterfeiting authentication method is applicable to the anti-counterfeiting identification field, has a reasonable cost compared with an anti-counterfeiting subject matter with certain value, has the advantages of usability, accuracy and safety, and supports multiple authentications.