The invention discloses a monitoring robot travelling mechanism for nano fiber production. The monitoring robot travelling mechanism comprises a base plate support, wherein an advancing mechanism, a steering mechanism, an obstacle crossing mechanism and an obstacle crossing controller are arranged on the base plate; and the steering mechanism comprises a first electric cylinder, a round plate and a second driving wheel, the obstacle crossing mechanism comprises a rotating support, a second electric cylinder and a third driving wheel, and the obstacle crossing controller comprises a logic processor, an infrared pattern processor and an infrared sensor. According to the monitoring robot travelling mechanism, the design is reasonable and arrangement is clear, by additionally arranging the advancing mechanism, the steering mechanism and the obstacle crossing mechanism, the obstacle crossing or steering function of a monitoring robot is loaded, the obstacle crossing or steering behavior is controlled by the obstacle crossing controller, the judgment method is simple and rapid, so that the intelligent advancing of the monitoring robot is realized.